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Cell:大脑如何“学习”可卡因成瘾

2013-08-05 koo bio360

日前,约翰霍普金斯大学医学院等机构的研究人员解决了一个长期困扰科学界的问题,他们揭示了在可卡因成瘾过程中,学习相关蛋白如何与其他蛋白相互作用进而激活"快乐分子"多巴胺的作用机制。相关研究论文刊登在了近期出版的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。 该论文的主要作者、约翰霍普金斯大学医学院神经生物学系教授 Paul Worley 表示,可卡因如何增强大脑特异环路,让大脑对其产生依赖,这是一个很棘手的问题

日前,约翰霍普金斯大学医学院等机构的研究人员解决了一个长期困扰科学界的问题,他们揭示了在可卡因成瘾过程中,学习相关蛋白如何与其他蛋白相互作用进而激活"快乐分子"多巴胺的作用机制。相关研究论文刊登在了近期出版的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。

该论文的主要作者、约翰霍普金斯大学医学院神经生物学系教授 Paul Worley 表示,可卡因如何增强大脑特异环路,让大脑对其产生依赖,这是一个很棘手的问题。而这项研究中揭示了大脑中两个完全不同的系统如何共同“合作”导致了成瘾现象。

Worley 此前并不研究药物成瘾问题,他是即时早期基因(immediate early genes)研究方面的专家。即时早期基因是指神经元在接受新信息后很快表达的一类基因。2001 年在一次会议上得知 mGluR 5 缺失导致小鼠对可卡因不“感冒”后, Worley 顿时联想到 mGluR 蛋白可能与即时早期基因有相互作用。

Worley 表示,之前从未想过即时早期蛋白能与多巴胺,成瘾过程产生联系。这恰恰是科学家所钟爱的:“你确信某些事情是这样的,但是你没有证据。”

Worley 领导的研究团队经过了长时间的研究,终于发现了成瘾导致基因改变。并与电生理专家合作,通过多种技术结合的方式,描述出了成瘾过程完整的故事。

Worley 表示,这项研究揭示了可卡因激活学习系统导致成瘾的过程,了解该过程的细节,有助于科学家寻找针对成瘾的有效治疗方法。

Joo Min Park, Jia-Hua Hu, Aleksandr Milshteyn, Ping-Wu Zhang, Chester G. Moore, Sungjin Park, Michael C. Datko, Racquel D. Domingo, Cindy M. Reyes, Xiaodong J. Wang, Felicia A. Etzkorn, Bo Xiao, Karen K. Szumlinski, Dorothee Kern, David J. Linden, Paul F. Worley. A Prolyl-Isomerase Mediates Dopamine-Dependent Plasticity and Cocaine Motor Sensitization. Cell, 1 August 2013; DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.001

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    2013-11-20 维他命
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