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Cell子刊:首次分离到初生胚胎干细胞,可用于治疗唐氏综合征

2016-03-08 佚名 生物谷

(图片摘自www.sciencealert.com) 来自英国的研究者们开发出一些非常早期的胚胎干细胞,他们将其称为“初生”多能性干细胞,这是分离自非常早期的人类胚胎。 这是科学家们几十年来的努力成果,该成就能够帮助理解唐氏综合症等遗传疾病的发病机制,并有助于开发新的治疗方法。  “直到如今,我们才能够成功分离这种“naive”的干细胞。虽然此前我们在小鼠水平进行了30年的研究

(图片摘自www.sciencealert.com)

来自英国的研究者们开发出一些非常早期的胚胎干细胞,他们将其称为“初生”多能性干细胞,这是分离自非常早期的人类胚胎。

这是科学家们几十年来的努力成果,该成就能够帮助理解唐氏综合症等遗传疾病的发病机制,并有助于开发新的治疗方法。

 “直到如今,我们才能够成功分离这种“naive”的干细胞。虽然此前我们在小鼠水平进行了30年的研究,但是很多人都在质疑这一技术成功的可能性”,来自剑桥大学干细胞中心的研究员Ge Guo说道:“不过,现在我们成功分离并且实现了体外培养”。

初生多能性干细胞相比其他干细胞的优势在于其作为科研工具的可“调教”性。它能够与任何成体细胞无缝对接。

相反地,普通的胚胎干细胞已经Ips细胞都已经注定只能分化成为某一类特定类型的成体细胞。

初生多能性干细胞并没有接受过任何这方面的指导,因此理论上它能够发育为任何类型的成体细胞,从而应用于不同方面的研究。

“初生干细胞具有很广泛的用途,包括再生医学以及对人类疾病的进一步认知”。

一般情况下, 当精子与卵子结合后,就会开始分裂并向胚胎分化。在这一过程中,胚胎细胞会聚集在一起形成一类叫做“囊胚”的结构。囊胚中的细胞具有不同的类型特征,其中就包含一类叫做初生的干细胞。

科学家们的取得的突破在于,他们能够将这部分细胞从囊胚(受精6天之后)中分离出去,此时分离出的初生干细胞没有接受过任何遗传影响,不会朝任何特定的方向分化。

根据科学家们的说法,这一技术能够帮助研究染色体数量异常等疾病。正常情况下,人体细胞中含有23对染色体,其中22对常染色体,1对性染色体。但有些儿童会有多余染色体的出现,这种异常现象会造成遗传性的疾病,比如唐氏综合症。

原始出处:

Scientists have developed early stage human embryonic stem cells for the first time

 

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    2016-03-15 维他命
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    2016-03-10 ailian1202
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