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Mol Metab:单次运动就能带来长效的代谢益处?

2018-12-10 佚名 中国生物技术网

一项新的小鼠研究表明,单次运动就能激活与食欲降低、血糖水平下降和代谢改善相关的大脑回路。而且在运动过后,这种效应能持续两天。该发现有助于改善糖尿病患者的血糖代谢。

一项新的小鼠研究表明,单次运动就能激活与食欲降低、血糖水平下降和代谢改善相关的大脑回路。而且在运动过后,这种效应能持续两天。该发现有助于改善糖尿病患者的血糖代谢。

根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的最新估计,在美国有超过1亿人处于糖尿病糖尿病前期。而全球有25%的糖尿病患者数来自中国。通过体育锻炼和饮食来控制血糖水平对于预防和控制糖尿病非常关键。然而,这项新的研究表明,实现这些健康益处或许我们并不需要那么多的体育活动。该研究近日已发表在《Molecular Metabolism》上。

研究的通讯作者、美国斯德克萨斯大学西南分校的神经科学家Kevin Williams博士及其团队测试了单次运动对小鼠的两种类型神经元的影响。

这些神经元组成所谓的黑皮质素大脑回路,人类与啮齿类动物都有这种回路。该回路中的神经元是下丘脑前阿黑皮素原(POMC)神经元和神经肽Y/刺鼠相关肽(NPY/AgRP)神经元。

过去有研究表明POMC与较低的食欲、较低的血糖水平和较活跃的新陈代谢相关。另一方面,NPY/AgRP神经元与食欲增加和新陈代谢减慢有关。

科学家们此前曾研究过黑皮质素大脑回路的特性与饮食和禁食之间的关系,但是他们并没有研究体育运动如何影响这些神经元。因此,Williams博士及其团队对转基因小鼠在3组连续20分钟跑步锻炼后的大脑活动和神经元放电率进行了研究。他们发现,单次运动就能激活小鼠的POMC神经元,但会使食欲增强的NPY / AgRP神经元失活。研究人员注意到这些神经元变化持续了长达2天。

Williams博士解释说:“改变这些神经元的活动并不需要太多运动。”研究人员还让小鼠又进行了0到10天的训练。他们发现,训练的时间越长,神经元效应的持续时间就越长。

最后,如果促进代谢的POMC神经元能够表达出瘦素受体,则保持活性的时间会更长。瘦素是一种代谢激素,过去的研究发现其对POMC神经元的突触有益。

Williams博士说:“根据这项研究结果,我们可以预测,即使只进行一次中等强度的运动,也能够获得持续数天的益处,特别是在葡萄糖代谢方面。”锻炼之后的小鼠食欲降低了。这种效果在运动之后持续6个小时。Williams博士评论道:“这个结果或许能从神经回路层面解释为什么许多人在运动后不会立即感到饥饿。”他补充说,“这项研究不仅是为了提高健康水平。更好地理解神经与运动之间的联系能够改善多种受葡萄糖调节影响的疾病。Williams博士说:“有朝一日,激活黑皮质素神经元很有可能为患者的治疗带来益处,尤其是那些需要改善血糖调节的糖尿病患者。”

原始出处:

ZhenyanHe,et al.Cellular and synaptic reorganization of arcuate NPY/AgRP and POMC neurons after exercise.Mol Metab.Volume 18, December 2018, Pages 107-119

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    2019-02-18 guojianrong
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887965, encodeId=7c83188e96565, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 06:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358900, encodeId=5f193589003e, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Tue Jan 22 11:39:10 CST 2019, time=2019-01-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1896430, encodeId=0f8018964306c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a391158248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11582, encryptionId=4a391158248, topicName=MET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18fc139, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Tue Jan 01 18:40:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=355586, encodeId=3a0a3555862c, content=学习认真的学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Sun Dec 16 17:29:01 CST 2018, time=2018-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-22 zwjnj2

    学习学习学习

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    2019-01-01 一闲
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    2018-12-16 zwjnj2

    学习认真的学习

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