ATVB：血型或影响心脏病患病风险

与O型血的人相比，A，B或AB型血的人患冠状动脉心脏疾病的风险较高，根据发表在Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology杂志上的一项最新研究证实。在研究这种稀有血型AB型的人过程中，这类血型的人占美国总人口的约7％，研究者发现这些AB型的人患心脏疾病的风险最高增加了23％。B型血的人患病风险增加了11％，A型血的人有5％的增加。

营养学系助理教授Lu Qi医学博士，研究的资深作者说：虽然人们无法改变自己的血型，我们的研究结果可以帮助医生更好地了解哪些人易患心脏疾病。Qi说，知道自己的血型对于保持健康，避免心脏疾病是非常重要的。与了解你的血型类似，你应该知道你的胆固醇或血压数，如果你知道你存在更高的患病风险，那么你可以采取健康的生活方式如饮食、运动和不吸烟来减少风险。

这一发现是基于两个大型的美国著名的研究分析，护士健康研究Nurses' Health Study中的62073妇女和Health Professionals Follow-up Study中的27428成人。参与者在30岁和75岁之间，两组分别追访研究了20年或更长时间。研究人员还考虑研究对象的饮食、年龄、身体质量指数、性别、种族、吸烟状态、绝经状态和病史。有证据表明A型血与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较高有关，AB型与炎症相关。此外，血液流量和促进凝血的物质在O型血的人中可能会更高。

了解血型可以帮助更好地调整医疗服务提供治疗。例如A型血的病人要想降低心脏疾病的风险，应减少胆固醇的摄入量。研究参试者主要是白人，现在还不清楚这些研究结果是否会也适用其他族群。国家卫生研究院、美国心脏协会科学家发展奖和波士顿肥胖营养研究中心资助该项研究。

编译自：Blood Type May Influence Heart Disease Risk

doi:10.1161/​ATVBAHA.112.248757
PMC:
PMID:

ABO Blood Group and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Two Prospective Cohort Studies.

Meian He, Brian Wolpin, Kathy Rexrode, JoAnn E. Manson, Eric Rimm, Frank B. Hu, Lu Qi.

Objective—Epidemiological data regarding the association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) have been inconsistent. We sought to investigate the associations between ABO blood group and CHD risk in prospective cohort studies.

Methods and Results—Two large, prospective cohort studies (the Nurses’ Health Study [NHS] including 62 073 women and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study [HPFS] including 27 428 men) were conducted with more than 20 years of follow-up (26 years in NHS and 24 years in HPFS). A meta-analysis was performed to summarize the associations from the present study and previous studies. In NHS, during 1 567 144 person-years of follow-up, 2055 participants developed CHD; in HPFS, 2015 participants developed CHD during 517 312 person-years of follow-up. ABO blood group was significantly associated with the risk of developing CHD in both women and men (log-rank test; P=0.0048 and 0.0002, respectively). In the combined analysis adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors, compared with participants with blood group O, those with blood groups A, B, or AB were more likely to develop CHD (adjusted hazard ratios [95% CI] for incident CHD were 1.06 [0.99–1.15], 1.15 [1.04–1.26], and 1.23 [1.11–1.36], respectively). Overall, 6.27% of the CHD cases were attributable to inheriting a non-O blood group. Meta-analysis indicated that non-O blood group had higher risk of CHD (relative risk =1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.18; P=0.001) compared with O blood group.

Conclusion—These data suggest that ABO blood group is significantly associated with CHD risk. Compared with other blood groups, those with the blood type O have moderately lower risk of developing CHD.

所属期刊：arteriosclerosis thrombosis and vascular biology(影响因子6.368)投稿经验：  

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