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Nivolumab三期临床提前终止,PD-1抑制剂治疗肺癌倒计时

2015-01-14 佚名 美中药源

今天,百时美施贵宝(BMS)的PD-1抑制剂Opdivo(nivolumab)治疗非小细胞肺癌的一个3期临床被提前终止。这个代号为CheckMate-017的3期临床头对头比较Opdivo和多西他赛治疗之前接受过治疗的,鳞状的晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和安全性。因为一个独立的数据监测委员会评估Opdivo治疗组的总生存期明显优于多西他赛对照组,达到预期的实验终点,施贵宝决定终止该临床实验。 一个随机

今天,百时美施贵宝(BMS)的PD-1抑制剂Opdivo(nivolumab)治疗非小细胞肺癌的一个3期临床被提前终止。这个代号为CheckMate-017的3期临床头对头比较Opdivo和多西他赛治疗之前接受过治疗的,鳞状的晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和安全性。因为一个独立的数据监测委员会评估Opdivo治疗组的总生存期明显优于多西他赛对照组,达到预期的实验终点,施贵宝决定终止该临床实验。

一个随机的、双盲的、有标准疗法对照的晚期临床实验提前终止通常发生在两种情况:一种是治疗组的疗效和安全性远远优于对照组,不需要按照预定设计方案完成整个实验也可以获得统计学明显区分,另一种是对照组的临床结果远不如预期。遗憾的是实验被提前终止的多数原因往往是后者。

当然例外也时有发生。药源今年6月份曾报道,施贵宝的PD-1抑制剂nivolumab因在一个黑色素瘤的三期临床中明显改进患者的总生存期而被提前终止。今天施贵宝再爆惊喜,在一个头对头比较Opdivo(nivolumab)和多西他赛的一个3期非小细胞肺癌临床实验中,Opdivo治疗组的总生存期明显优于多西他赛对照组。但是施贵宝目前还没有披露这个实验的详细数据。施贵宝计划完成CheckMate-017临床数据的全面评估。因为非小细胞肺癌市场远远高于黑色素瘤,即使鳞癌的全球市场总额也有30亿美元。所以受此振奋消息的鼓舞,施贵宝股票大幅上涨,最高涨幅高达6%至63.75美元,创14年以来最高。

著名免疫学家,癌症研究所的CEO和学术事务总监Jill O’Donnell-Tormey教授最近在接受福布斯采访时评述,随着免疫疗法的长足进步,人类越来越接近治愈癌症。如果说2014年是癌症免疫疗法获得重大突破的年份,2015将会是免疫疗法走向丰收,成为主流抗癌疗法的一年。按照IMS医疗信息研究所的数据,全球抗肿瘤领域总共有374个中晚期临床实验,其中25-30%是免疫疗法。目前免疫疗法进展最快的有免疫哨卡(如PD-1、PD-L1)抑制剂,主要用于治疗固体肿瘤,和过继T细胞疗法(包括CAR-T和TCR)主要治疗血液肿瘤。

目前获得美国FDA批准上市的PD-1抑制剂有默克的Keytruda(通用名:pembrolizumab)和施贵宝的Opdivo,二者都曾获得过FDA突破性药物称号。虽然pembrolizumab率先在美国上市,但在非小细胞肺癌领域Opdivo稍微领先,而且FDA批准Opdivo用于治疗晚期黑色素瘤比预计的评审时间提前了3个月。Opdivo的一个非鳞癌3期临床实验估计年中会有结果报道。当然默克在非小细胞肺癌领域也不甘落后,而且其终场发挥能力也有目共睹,默克今天也报道Keytruda预计今年中期提交非小细胞肺癌的sBLA。所以施贵宝要想保证在非小细胞肺癌领域的优势还要继续给力。当然无论是谁胜出受惠的还是患者,免疫哨卡抑制剂的应答人群目前虽然大约只有30%,和其它疗法的联合使用有望进一步扩大战果,治愈癌症已经不再只是一个梦想。

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    2015-03-13 snf701207
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    2015-02-06 jklm09
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    2015-12-03 tamgche
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