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Nat Commun:重大进展!浙江大学王晓健/蔡秀军发现新的结直肠癌预后标志物

2020-11-20 椰子 iNature

结直肠癌(CRC)是全球癌症死亡的第三大主要原因。 CRC发生和发展的原因很复杂,可能包括环境暴露,饮食和遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用。大肠癌(CRC)的发生与肠道菌群有关。

结直肠癌(CRC)是全球癌症死亡的第三大主要原因。 CRC发生和发展的原因很复杂,可能包括环境暴露,饮食和遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用。大肠癌(CRC)的发生与肠道菌群有关。但是,在CRC中几乎没有研究过IRF3(先天免疫感应中的关键信号传递介质)的作用。

浙江大学王晓健及蔡秀军共同通讯在Nature Communications 在线发表题为“IRF3 prevents colorectal tumorigenesis via inhibiting the nuclear translocation of β-catenin”的研究论文,该研究发现在AOM / DSS和Apcmin / +模型中,IRF3缺陷小鼠对肠道肿瘤的发展高度敏感。 该研究发现了处于静止状态的胞质IRF3通过阻止Wnt /β-catenin信号传导抑制结直肠肿瘤发生。 IRF3与Armadillo重复序列(ARM)结合,后者对β-catenin核移位至关重要,因此抑制了β-catenin的核输入。因此,IRF3与CRC,肺腺癌和肝细胞癌患者组织中Wnt信号的过度激活呈负相关。因此,该研究将IRF3鉴定为具有意外机制的CRC患者的肿瘤抑制因子和预后标志物。

因此,该研究将IRF3鉴定为Wnt /β-catenin途径的负调节剂和Wnt相关肿瘤发生的潜在预后标志物,并通过IRF3-β-catenin轴描述了肠道菌群与CRC之间的联系。

结直肠癌(CRC)是全球癌症死亡的第三大主要原因。CRC发生和发展的原因很复杂,可能包括环境暴露,饮食和遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用。在CRC的发病机理中,还存在许多增殖信号通路和抑癌基因的遗传和表观遗传学改变,例如Wnt通路,TGF-β通路,(PI3K)-AKT通路,MAPK通路和肿瘤蛋白p53(TP53)。在Wnt信号转导的情况下,β-catenin在Wnt激活后会积聚并转移到细胞核中,与TCF / LEF转录因子结合并促进引起肿瘤发生的肠道干细胞的增殖。

由细菌,古细菌,病毒和真核生物组成的共生微生物栖息在结肠的所有粘膜表面,为抵抗入侵的病原体和调节肠道环境提供了物理屏障。有趣的是,CRC肿瘤发生常与肿瘤和邻近粘膜的微生物组成发生剧烈变化有关,通常被称为菌群失衡。新出现的证据表明,核梭菌,大肠埃希氏菌和脆弱拟杆菌在结肠肿瘤发生中具有关键作用。但是,肠道菌群在CRC发生和发展过程中的确切机制仍不清楚。

肠道菌群通过触发微生物传感器,即病原体识别受体(PRR),包括Toll样受体(TLR),RIG-I样受体,NOD样受体(NLR),C型凝集素,胞质DNA传感器来诱发先天性免疫反应。这些受体的衔接蛋白激活下游的蛋白激酶TBK1和IKKs,随后激活转录因子IRF3和NF-κB,导致产生I型IFN和促炎因子。值得注意的是,已知PRR(例如cGAS,TLR和NLR)以及衔接子STING和Myd88在维持肠道稳态和调节CRC的发展中起着至关重要的作用,据推测是通过它们在分泌I型IFN,炎性细胞因子,趋化因子和抗菌肽。

IRF3既是PRR几个途径的下游信号转导介体,又是转录因子,并且在I型和III型干扰素以及各种IFN刺激基因(ISG)的产生中发挥关键作用。IRF3在具有不同起源的细胞中普遍表达,并以静止状态存在于细胞质中,该状态被设计为非活性形式。通过PRR检测病原体后,IRF3通过TBK1和/或IKKε的羧基末端磷酸化被激活,从而动员IRF3进行二聚化和核易位,并在其中充当转录因子。

有趣的是,DNA损伤通过激活癌症中的cGAS-STING-IRF3途径促进抗肿瘤免疫。发现通过核酸感应先天受体激活IRF3通过诱导保护性Tslp和Il33基因表达,对肠道稳态至关重要。这些有趣的发现暗示IRF3与CRC的肿瘤发生密切相关,值得研究是否存在其他重要机制。

在这里,该研究发现了处于静止状态的胞质IRF3通过阻止Wnt /β-catenin信号传导抑制结直肠肿瘤发生。IRF3与Armadillo重复序列(ARM)结合,后者对β-catenin核移位至关重要,因此抑制了β-catenin的核输入。因此,IRF3与CRC,肺腺癌和肝细胞癌患者组织中Wnt信号的过度激活呈负相关。因此,该研究将IRF3鉴定为具有意外机制的CRC患者的肿瘤抑制因子和预后标志物。

原始出处:
Miao Tian, Xiumei Wang, Jihong Sun, et al.IRF3 prevents colorectal tumorigenesis via inhibiting the nuclear translocation of β-catenin.Nat Commun. 2020 Nov 13;11(1):5762. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19627-7.

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    2021-09-28 liye789132251
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