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Cell Rep:抗癌药物疗效增涨100%!只需阻止细胞的这种结构!

2018-06-07 Paris,Zoe 转化医学网

药物是很多疾病治疗的“基石”,尤其对癌症而言,而越来越普遍的耐药现象已成为癌症治疗的“绊脚石”。可喜的是,近日,科学家已经发现了一种使癌症对药物治疗敏感的全新方法, 即通过靶向细胞上的类天线结构。伦敦癌症研究所的研究小组发现,耐癌细胞比那些因治疗而死亡的细胞具有更多更长的触角。阻断触角生长的细胞可再次激活一系列已停止工作的癌症治疗。


导  读

药物是很多疾病治疗的“基石”,尤其对癌症而言,而越来越普遍的耐药现象已成为癌症治疗的“绊脚石”。可喜的是,近日,科学家已经发现了一种使癌症对药物治疗敏感的全新方法, 即通过靶向细胞上的类天线结构。伦敦癌症研究所的研究小组发现,耐癌细胞比那些因治疗而死亡的细胞具有更多更长的触角。阻断触角生长的细胞可再次激活一系列已停止工作的癌症治疗。

研究人员将不同类型的癌细胞对各种类型的药物产生耐药性的细胞触角这一现象称为纤毛的变化。这表明针对纤毛可能是一种重新治疗癌症的有效方式。

这项研究在Cell Reports杂志上发表,癌症研究所(ICR)的科学家在实验室研究了肺癌细胞和一种称为肉瘤的软组织癌症,他们观察到,对癌症药物产生抗药性的细胞有更多,更长的纤毛,即微小的“触角”,来帮助细胞感受化学信号。

然后,他们阻止了耐药癌细胞中纤毛的生长,结果竟发现它们已恢复对治疗的敏感性。接触过35%至60%纤毛的抗癌细胞死亡药物 ,使癌症药物的效果几乎翻番。

例如,与72%仍然有纤毛的细胞相比,在无纤毛的肺癌细胞中,只有39%的细胞在用厄洛替尼治疗后存活下来。

阻断纤毛中的重要信号分子也恢复了细胞对癌症药物的反应。延长纤毛有相反的效果,导致以前对治疗有反应的细胞产生耐药性。

研究人员认为,纤毛在耐药中的作用主要与其所含的重要细胞信号分子有关。

环绕在癌细胞周围的杀手T细胞

接下来,他们的目标是研究纤毛中的分子网络,以及结构长度和稳定性变化的影响,以更好地了解它们在癌症抗药性中的作用。

研究负责人伦敦癌症研究所癌症治疗ICR研究员Barbara Tanos博士说:“我们发现,由于癌细胞对治疗产生抗药性,所以称为“纤毛”的小型天线状细胞结构起着关键作用。

我们相信纤毛可以帮助癌细胞对多种药物产生抗药性,因此,针对纤毛可能是一种普遍的剥夺癌症防御的方法。”

“接下来,我们的目标是更深入地探索纤毛的变化,以更详细地了解它们与癌症抗药性的关系,以及它们如何有针对性地恢复对治疗的敏感性。”

伦敦癌症研究所首席执行官Paul Workman教授说:“抗药性是当今癌症研究中最重要的挑战之一,我们迫切需要更好地理解使癌细胞发展、逃避治疗的潜在生物学。”

“这项新研究揭示了所有细胞表面存在耐药性和纤毛状微小的类天线结构之间有趣的联系,可能为攻击癌症的新方法敞开大门,且会阻止它们来自药物治疗的逃生路线”。

原始出处:

Andrew D. Jenks,et al.Primary Cilia Mediate Diverse Kinase Inhibitor Resistance Mechanisms in Cancer.Cell Reports, Vol. 23, Issue 10, p3042–3055

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    2018-06-09 sunylz
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    2018-06-08 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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