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SCI TRANSL MED:医院微生物,究竟来自哪里?

2017-05-25 cailingrui MedSci原创

患者皮肤上的微生物群落多样性受到住院治疗时临床和环境因素的共同影响,而静脉内注射或口服抗生素对病人皮肤微生物的影响微乎其微。

Lax等人就新启用医院中,细菌多样性与病人、医护工作者和医院物体表面之间的关系,展开了为期一年的调查研究。他们发现病人皮肤上的细菌群落与病房中的极为相似。作者指出,患者皮肤上的微生物群落多样性受到住院治疗时临床和环境因素的共同影响,而静脉内注射或口服抗生素对病人皮肤微生物的影响微乎其微。

尽管医院环境中的复杂多样细菌群落常常让人们把它们和潜在的致病菌混为一谈,这些微生物确实可能会影响到病人的痊愈和治疗效果。为了阐明这些微生物是如何在医院环境中定居并传播的,研究展示了从医院新启用到正常运营的一年间,病人、医护工作者和医院环境中细菌群落的动态变化。病房中的细菌,尤其是病床栏杆上的菌群与房间中病人的皮肤菌群相一致。随着住院时间的增长,病房墙壁和病人上的菌群也日趋相似。菌群结构的时间相关性说明了,最初患者从病房中获得了上一个病人的菌群,但是随着时间的推移,他们自身的菌群特征也会影响到病房中微生物的生态平衡。 化疗、抗生素使用、外科手术等临床因素对患者皮肤上菌群多样性的影响微乎其微。宏基因组分析也说明了基因的耐药性与病房环境微生物相一致。动态贝叶斯网络分析指出,最有可能是医务工作者影响了患者皮肤菌群,而非反之。

原始出处:

Simon Lax, et al. Bacterial colonization and succession in a newly opened hospital. Sci Transl Med . 24 May 2017:Vol. 9, Issue 391, eaah6500 

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    2017-07-10 bsmagic9140
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