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Am J Epidemiol:常喝咖啡能减少2型糖尿病风险,降低全因死亡

2015-12-05 MedSci译 MedSci原创

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/303548.php

目前,在医学新闻届中,咖啡和糖尿病的关系仍然是最常见的研究主题之一。


最近一项大规模队列研究,共记录了90317位美国人群,从1998-2001年非癌症患者,以及1993-2001年有心血管疾病史的患者。在1998-2009年共有8718位人群死亡(合计划805644人年)。研究发现,在校正吸烟等有害因素以后,喝咖啡能降低全因死亡风险。与不喝咖啡相比,每天喝咖啡低于一杯的死亡风险HR=0.99 (95%CI:0.92, 1.07),每天一杯的死亡风险为HR = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.02); 每天2-3杯: HR = 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.88); 每天4-5杯: HR = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.86); 每天≥6 杯: HR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.95)). 同时,还发现喝咖啡与心血管死亡,慢性呼吸性疾病,糖尿病 ,肺炎,流感,意向性自我伤害(intentional self-harm)呈现负相关。研究成果发表在Am J Epidemiol上。

近日,最近发表在美国化学学会自然产品杂志上的研究成果表明,目前已经了解到一些咖啡内天然化合物成份在2型糖尿病患者的治疗中或许具有潜在的益处。


在以往的研究中,已经发现咖啡内含有的化合物超过了1000个种类。其中包括奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、乙酰甲基甲醇、二甲基二硫醚、腐胺、烟酸、葫芦巴碱、茶碱以及咖啡因等。对于咖啡中含有的每一个成份都有可能对人体健康具有潜在的影响作用。当然,这只是仅仅一小部分,它们中的大部分成份对人体是不会有太大的影响的。为了能证实并找出咖啡中能预防或延缓2-型糖尿病发病的有效成份,丹麦奥胡斯大学医院内分泌科和内科Søren Gregersen教授与他的同事进行了一系列的研究。试验中,Søren Gregersen教授跟他的团队探索了各种咖啡成份对大鼠活体细胞的影响作用。结果发现,除了咖啡醇和咖啡酸以外,其他的成份几乎没有任何的影响效果。文章发表在近期的PLos One上。

据以往的研究表明,咖啡醇(Cafestol)已被发现在大鼠中具有保护神经的作用,且在帕金森氏病的果蝇模型具有抗致癌作用。而对于咖啡酸,一些研究表明它有抗癌和抗炎作用。

在本研究中,最后,该研究团队证实发现咖啡醇和咖啡酸增加在体内葡萄糖含量过高的情况下能促进胰岛素的生成。同时,发现咖啡醇也能促进肌细胞对葡萄糖的摄取速率,而此作用类似于目前正在应用的一些糖尿病药物。

最后,Søren Gregersen教授说:“通过本研究的成果,这表明了咖啡醇可能对常喝咖啡的人群患2型糖尿病有预防作用。”

最新一项meta则显示喝咖啡能降低代谢性疾病的风险。也与上述研究结果一致。

当然,有关咖啡的研究文献极多,例如近期另一项大规模研究US NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study也发现,在4155256人年的随访中,发现1541例原发胰腺癌事件,但是与喝咖啡无关.

咖啡相关的拓展阅读:

原始出处:

Loftfield E, Freedman ND, Graubard BI, Guertin KA, Black A, Huang WY, Shebl FM, Mayne ST, Sinha R.Association of Coffee Consumption With Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Prospective Cohort Study.Am J Epidemiol. 2015 Nov 27. pii: kwv146.

Mellbye FB, Jeppesen PB, Hermansen K, Gregersen S. Cafestol, a Bioactive Substance in Coffee, Stimulates Insulin Secretion and Increases Glucose Uptake in Muscle Cells: Studies in Vitro. J Nat Prod. 2015 Oct 23;78(10):2447-51

Guertin KA, Freedman ND, Loftfield E, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Graubard BI, Sinha R. A prospective study of coffee intake and pancreatic cancer: results from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.Br J Cancer. 2015 Sep 29;113(7):1081-5

Shang F, Li X, Jiang X. Coffee consumption and risk of the metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis.Diabetes Metab. 2015 Sep 29. pii: S1262-3636(15)00119-6. 

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1956272, encodeId=0b5519562e29d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a74d1109c8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#2型糖尿病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1109, encryptionId=a74d1109c8, topicName=2型糖尿病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/4E6244DB7C1860858424437821E08291/100, createdBy=a6a52500039, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Fri Oct 07 20:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48895, encodeId=e2934889500, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44963, encodeId=71354496367, content=还是多喝白开水,多休息为好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150714/IMG55A4BC357ED6E1444.jpg, createdBy=9f231612624, createdName=liushui8012, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 11:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44941, encodeId=0ee544941cc, content=多喝水则行, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=157, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 00:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44916, encodeId=ae6b449169a, content=每天两杯飘过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 20:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44913, encodeId=16144491343, content=有待验证, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 19:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1956272, encodeId=0b5519562e29d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a74d1109c8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#2型糖尿病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1109, encryptionId=a74d1109c8, topicName=2型糖尿病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/4E6244DB7C1860858424437821E08291/100, createdBy=a6a52500039, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Fri Oct 07 20:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48895, encodeId=e2934889500, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44963, encodeId=71354496367, content=还是多喝白开水,多休息为好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150714/IMG55A4BC357ED6E1444.jpg, createdBy=9f231612624, createdName=liushui8012, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 11:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44941, encodeId=0ee544941cc, content=多喝水则行, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=157, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 00:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44916, encodeId=ae6b449169a, content=每天两杯飘过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 20:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44913, encodeId=16144491343, content=有待验证, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 19:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-06 liushui8012

    还是多喝白开水,多休息为好

    0

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    2015-12-06 owlhealth

    多喝水则行

    0

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    2015-12-05 medcardio

    每天两杯飘过

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1956272, encodeId=0b5519562e29d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a74d1109c8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#2型糖尿病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1109, encryptionId=a74d1109c8, topicName=2型糖尿病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/4E6244DB7C1860858424437821E08291/100, createdBy=a6a52500039, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Fri Oct 07 20:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48895, encodeId=e2934889500, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44963, encodeId=71354496367, content=还是多喝白开水,多休息为好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150714/IMG55A4BC357ED6E1444.jpg, createdBy=9f231612624, createdName=liushui8012, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 11:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44941, encodeId=0ee544941cc, content=多喝水则行, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=157, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 00:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44916, encodeId=ae6b449169a, content=每天两杯飘过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 20:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44913, encodeId=16144491343, content=有待验证, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 19:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-05 老段

    有待验证

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