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Science:科学家成功解析人类剪接体关键结构

2016-03-26 佚名 生物谷

看看任何一个真核细胞基因组内的蛋白编码基因,不管是动物,植物,真菌还是原生生物,我们都会发现由于内含子的存在,编码基因被隔断成几个片段。当一个基因发生转录,这些内含子会在蛋白质合成之前从mRNA前体中被移除,虽然关于这些内含子的移除过程已经得到了几十年的深入研究,但是在一些三维动态结构研究技术出现之前,人们对于内含子移除过程的关键结构——剪接体的认识仍然不够精细和直观。   在最近

看看任何一个真核细胞基因组内的蛋白编码基因,不管是动物,植物,真菌还是原生生物,我们都会发现由于内含子的存在,编码基因被隔断成几个片段。当一个基因发生转录,这些内含子会在蛋白质合成之前从mRNA前体中被移除,虽然关于这些内含子的移除过程已经得到了几十年的深入研究,但是在一些三维动态结构研究技术出现之前,人们对于内含子移除过程的关键结构——剪接体的认识仍然不够精细和直观。
 
在最近发表的一篇Science研究论文中,来自德国的科学家们利用冷冻电镜技术首次在分子级分辨率水平上重现了人类剪接体中一个关键复合体——U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP的结构。剪接体是一种由RNA和蛋白质组成的用于切掉mRNA前体中内含子的分子机器。该研究解析的U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP是构成剪接体的一个重要组成部分,研究人员利用单颗粒冷冻电镜获得了人类U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP的三维结构,该复合体分子量达到180万道尔顿,解析分辨率达到7埃。该研究模型揭示了Brr2 RNA解螺旋酶如何在分离的人类tri-snRNP中通过空间结构阻止未成熟的U4/U6 RNA发生解链,还展现了泛素C端水解酶样蛋白Sad1如何将Brr2固定在预激活位置
 
研究人员将他们获得的结构模型与酿酒酵母tri-snRNP以及裂殖酵母剪接体的结构进行了对比,结果表明Brr2在剪接体激活过程中发生了显著的构象变化,支架蛋白Prp8也发生了结构变化以容纳剪接体的催化RNA网络。
 
一位业内专家认为,这些新技术的应用和新模型的提出将为剪接体机制研究,深入理解真核生物基因调控开启一个新的时代。

原始出处:
 
Dmitry E. Agafonov,Berthold Kastner,Olexandr Dybkov,et al.Molecular architecture of the human U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP.Science.25 Mar 2016.

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    2016-11-19 hongbochen
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    2016-03-28 wei834766788

    牛逼

    0

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    2016-03-28 wei834766788

    厉害

    0

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    2016-03-28 jichang

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