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乙肝两对半化验单全面的解释

2022-09-01 检验之声 雨露肝霖、检验医学网

乙肝五项检查我们通俗的称为乙肝两对半检查。几乎所有人都进行过两对半的检测。

乙肝五项检查我们通俗的称为乙肝两对半检查。几乎所有人都进行过两对半的检测,但是能自己轻松读懂化验单的人应该不算太多。小雨在乙肝吧里经常看到有朋友上传化验单来求助,自己不懂怎么看。也许您尝试过百度搜索,但是看到密密麻麻的专业解释,您可能犯晕了。今天小编就图文并茂的给您简单描述一下如何轻松看懂乙肝两对半化验单。

  由于乙肝两对半的检测方法多样,而且各个医院用的检测试剂盒也不同,因此大家拿到的化验单可能不太一样。但是万变不离其中,小编就拿化验单为您做简单的讲解。

  如上图所示的化验单,我们应该按照如下步骤来读:

1、弄懂乙肝五项的内容及其意义:

  乙肝表面抗原与表面抗体称为一对,乙肝e抗原与e抗体称为一对,核心抗体称为半对,合起来就是两对半啦!

  2、检测结果分析:

  各个医院给出的报告单是有区别的,我们简单分析几张。

  1)上面的那张报告单是比较简单易懂的,直接有结果一栏,因此不用看参考范围就能知道检测结果。可以看到只有检测第二项为阳性,其他项为阴性。那么此人感染过乙肝病毒,已将其清除,或者是接种过乙肝疫苗。即为健康。

  如果不止一项阳性,朋友们可能就摸不着头脑了,小雨为您整理了对照表,您按照阳性(+),阴性(-)的项目进行比对,进行初步判断。以下为9种较为常见的结果。

  下图为16种不太常见的检测结果。

  若您检测出感染了乙肝病毒,请进一步检测HBV DNA和肝功能,做进一步的确诊。如果DNA和肝功能都正常,您有可能只是携带者而已,不需要治疗。所以请朋友们详细分析自己的情况。

  2)有些报告单上并无阴性和阳性的结果给出,只是给出了具体数值和一些箭头。如下图:

  乙肝表面抗体此栏向上的箭头即表示此项已经超过了参考值范围,172.5高于10,因此此项为阳性。此表的结果即为第二项阳性,其他项均为阴性。然后再对照给出的两对半对照表进行判断。

  举一反三:

  此表中我们可以迅速的判断出为2,5阳性。对照上面的对照表,可以发现此人为曾经感染过乙肝病毒,但是已经清除,有免疫力。

  3)出现了OD, cut off, S/C.O.之类怎么看?

  现在有许多报告单中出现了OD值,cut off值和S/C.O.值,这是检测方法中出现的一些数值,用来判断结果是阴性还是阳性。OD值表示吸光度,Cut off表示对照样本的临界值,S/C.O.的比值即是用来判断阴性和阳性结果的。如果报告单中告诉了您结果,那么后面的可以不用看。如果报告单中没有结果一栏,怎么办?对于两对半的前三项来说,S/C.O.如果大于1,则表示阳性,而对于后面两项(e抗体和核心抗体),如果S/C.O.大于1,则表示阴性。如上表中前三项只有第二项的S/C.O.大于1,因此乙肝表面抗体阳性,而后面两项乙肝e抗体和乙肝核心抗体的S/C.O.值均大于1,则表示这两项为阴性。若您实在记不住或是拿不准,就请教医生解答吧。

  3、乙肝六项您听说没?

  现在有很多医院的乙肝检测在原来的基础上加了一项,即第六项前S1抗原(Pre-S1)的检测。这项检测有何意义呢?前S1抗原主要存在血清中乙肝病毒表面,检测前S1抗原主要是为了反映乙肝病毒感染与复制状况,阳性表示病毒复制活跃。同时前S1抗原可作为药物抗病毒疗效的指标,是对HBV-DNA和HBeAg指标的补充和加强。但是对于Pre-S1检测的争议也是存在的,有些患者明明未检测出来HBV DNA,且肝功能正常。但是Pre-S1检测出是阳性,那么此患者的病毒是在活跃复制还是没有复制?也并无定论。还是需要看患者的具体病程情况来进行判断。

  那乙肝六项如何看呢?我们建议还是首先看前五项,如果判断是感染者了再看第六项是否阳性,如果阳性那么乙肝病毒可能复制活跃,建议做进一步的HBV DNA和肝功能检测。如果存在着矛盾的地方,请咨询相关专家进行解答。

  如果您是正在进行抗病毒治疗的患者,或者是急性乙肝的患者,那么前S1抗原的变化是有着积极意义的,转阴则表明您病情的好转。特别是小三阳的患者,加查前S1抗原弥补了HBeAg的缺失造成的诊断和治疗困难。

  下图即为一张乙肝六项的检测报告,可以看到1,3,5为阳性,为大三阳。第六项PreS1也为阳性说明病毒复制活跃,患者需要及时进行HBV DNA和肝功能检测,确定是否需要马上进行治疗。

 乙肝两对半检测报告单我们每个人应该都能轻松读懂了,需要注意的是有些报告单上各个指标的排序可能不同,大家一定要看清楚了再进行判断。

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    2022-06-27 zzc2220
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671146, encodeId=f74316e11466b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60b43360ee8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化验单#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33607, encryptionId=60b43360ee8, topicName=化验单)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=104926820419, createdName=zzc2220, createdTime=Mon Jun 27 12:43:50 CST 2022, time=2022-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242594, encodeId=ee9c12425948e, content=非常详细,受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9ad56302933, createdName=1015802_8808, createdTime=Thu Sep 01 23:37:02 CST 2022, time=2022-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242572, encodeId=0e5012425e251, content=受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cc48302004, createdName=ms9000000791433736, createdTime=Thu Sep 01 22:39:42 CST 2022, time=2022-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968646, encodeId=48e319686462b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab1823422d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乙肝两对半#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23422, encryptionId=ab1823422d9, topicName=乙肝两对半)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e6ac207, createdName=xlwang2691, createdTime=Fri Apr 08 01:43:50 CST 2022, time=2022-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1719616, encodeId=694b1e1961661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72ce33606f6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化验#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33606, encryptionId=72ce33606f6, topicName=化验)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54c932781196, createdName=wushaoling, createdTime=Wed Feb 09 22:43:50 CST 2022, time=2022-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-01 1015802_8808

    非常详细,受教了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671146, encodeId=f74316e11466b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60b43360ee8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化验单#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33607, encryptionId=60b43360ee8, topicName=化验单)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=104926820419, createdName=zzc2220, createdTime=Mon Jun 27 12:43:50 CST 2022, time=2022-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242594, encodeId=ee9c12425948e, content=非常详细,受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9ad56302933, createdName=1015802_8808, createdTime=Thu Sep 01 23:37:02 CST 2022, time=2022-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1242572, encodeId=0e5012425e251, content=受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cc48302004, createdName=ms9000000791433736, createdTime=Thu Sep 01 22:39:42 CST 2022, time=2022-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968646, encodeId=48e319686462b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab1823422d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乙肝两对半#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23422, encryptionId=ab1823422d9, topicName=乙肝两对半)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e6ac207, createdName=xlwang2691, createdTime=Fri Apr 08 01:43:50 CST 2022, time=2022-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1719616, encodeId=694b1e1961661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72ce33606f6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化验#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33606, encryptionId=72ce33606f6, topicName=化验)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54c932781196, createdName=wushaoling, createdTime=Wed Feb 09 22:43:50 CST 2022, time=2022-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-01 ms9000000791433736

    受教了

    0

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    2022-02-09 wushaoling

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如果到2030年,在110个低收入和中等收入国家中,将乙肝出生剂量疫苗的及时接种率提高到90%,与现状相比,可在2020年至2030年的出生组群中预防71万(58万至89万)例死亡,其中非洲的益处最大

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