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Clin Infect Dis:耐药性结核性脑膜炎强化治疗疗效如何?

2017-05-08 MedSci MedSci原创

耐药性结核性脑膜炎(TBM)难以诊断和治疗。死亡率高,目前还没有最佳治疗方法。本项研究比较了用标准或强化抗结核治疗耐药性和敏感性TBM的临床结果。

耐药性结核性脑膜炎(TBM)难以诊断和治疗。死亡率高,目前还没有最佳治疗方法。本项研究比较了用标准或强化抗结核治疗耐药性和敏感性TBM的临床结果。

研究人员分析了结核分枝杆菌耐药性对参与随机对照试验的TBM患者的结果的影响,比较了标准的9个月抗结核药方案(含利福平10mg / kg /天)与强效方案:高剂量利福平(15mg / kg /天)和左氧氟沙星(20mg / kg /天)。试验的主要终点是9个月内的生存率。在这个亚组分析中,抗药性类别被预先定义为多药耐药(MDR),异烟肼抗性而利福平敏感(INH-R),对利福平和异烟肼(INH-S RIF-S)敏感。通过Cox回归比较和预估不同抗药性类别进行强化治疗的疗效。

在817名随机患者中,有322名患者具有已知的耐药性。在86例(26.7%)患者中发现INH-R,15例(4.7%)患者的MDR,1例(0.3%)的利福平单抗,和220例(68.3%)患者的INH-S RIF-S。多变量回归显示,MDR(风险比[HR],5.91 [95%置信区间(CI},3.00-11.6]),P <0.001)是死亡的独立预测因子。 INH-R与新发的神经系统事件或死亡的联合结果有显着的相关性(HR,1.58 [95%CI,1.11-2.23])。调整后的Cox回归,修正了治疗调整,显示强化治疗与INH-R TBM中生存率(HR,0.34 [95%CI,.15-76],P = 0.01)显着相关。

最终得出结论:早期强化治疗可改善INH-R TBM患者的生存。应进一步探索针对耐药性TBM的靶向治疗方案。

原始出处:

A. Dorothee Heemskerk, et al. Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculous Meningitis Treated With an Intensified Antituberculosis Regimen. Clin Infect Dis cix230. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix230.Published: 04 May 2017

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