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Nat Cell Bio.:c-Jun在肝癌早期发生中起关键作用

2012-12-10 中科院上海生命科学院 中科院上海生命科学院

    肝癌是世界常见恶性肿瘤, 五年存活率仅为7%,高居癌症致死原因的第三位。肝癌在亚洲尤其是中国发病率极高,主要由乙肝病毒感染导致。中国有超过1.2亿慢性乙肝病毒携带者,每年有11万人死于肝癌,几乎占全球肝癌死亡率的一半。     由于对肝癌发生早期过程的分子机制并不清楚,肝癌的早期诊断受到极大的限制,被确诊的肝癌患者通常已经处于肝

    肝癌是世界常见恶性肿瘤, 五年存活率仅为7%,高居癌症致死原因的第三位。肝癌在亚洲尤其是中国发病率极高,主要由乙肝病毒感染导致。中国有超过1.2亿慢性乙肝病毒携带者,每年有11万人死于肝癌,几乎占全球肝癌死亡率的一半。

    由于对肝癌发生早期过程的分子机制并不清楚,肝癌的早期诊断受到极大的限制,被确诊的肝癌患者通常已经处于肝癌晚期。除了少数能够进行手术的患者外,大部分肝癌晚期患者几乎没有可行的治疗方案。在这种情况下,找到肝癌发生早期阶段的分子标记和有效的肝癌预防治疗手段成为肝癌治疗中的重要方向,而揭示肝癌发生早期阶段的分子机制则成为了关键。

    10月8日,国际顶尖学术期刊《自然-细胞生物学》(Nature Cell Biology)在线发表了中科院上海生科院生化与细胞所惠利健研究员领导的科研小组关于肝癌发生早期阶段分子机制的最新研究成果,该发现为将来肝癌早期诊断和预防治疗提供了重要的靶点,具有潜在的应用于预防治疗的前景。这一重大发现领先国际。

    研究人员利用基因缺失小鼠模型发现,在肝癌发生的早期阶段,c-Jun通过抑制c-Fos基因的表达促进了肿瘤的发生。较低的c-Fos含量会降低乙酰转移酶SIRT6的水平,从而增加细胞内生存素(Survivin)的表达,最后造成肿瘤起始细胞死亡减少,提高其生存性,促进肝癌发生。此外,通过对人类肝癌癌前病变组织的分析,发现这个分子机制在一部分人类肝癌发生早期同样被激活了,而在晚期肝癌中则没有变化。更重要的是,研究人员证明如果在肝癌发生的早期阶段增加SIRT6的含量或者抑制生存素的活性均可以抑制小鼠肝癌的发生。

    这一工作首次分离鉴定了特异在肝癌发生早期阶段发挥重要作用的分子机制;在野生型小鼠中靶向干预该分子机制的两个重要的基因SIRT6以及生存素都可以有效抑制肝癌的发生,为肝癌的预防治疗提供了潜在的靶点分子。该工作与西班牙国立癌症研究中心Erwin Wagner共同完成,复旦大学医学院附属中山医院等单位参与了合作研究。

肝癌相关的拓展阅读:

doi:10.1038/ncb2590

Liver cancer initiation is controlled by AP-1 through SIRT6-dependent inhibition of survivin

Lihua Min, Yuan Ji, Latifa Bakiri, Zhixin Qiu, Jin Cen, Xiaotao Chen, Lingli Chen, Harald Scheuch, Hai Zheng, Lunxiu Qin, Kurt Zatlouka Lijian Hui & Erwin F. Wagner

Understanding stage-dependent oncogenic mechanisms is critical to develop not only targeted therapies, but also diagnostic markers and preventive strategies. The mechanisms acting during cancer initiation remain elusive, largely owing to a lack of suitable animal models and limited availability of human precancerous lesions. Here we show using genetic mouse models specific for liver cancer initiation, that survival of initiated cancer cells is controlled by c-Jun, independently of p53, through suppressing c-Fos-mediated apoptosis. Mechanistically, c-Fos induces SIRT6 transcription, which represses survivin by reducing histone H3K9 acetylation and NF-κB activation. Importantly, increasing the level of SIRT6 or targeting the anti-apoptotic activity of survivin at the initiation stage markedly impairs cancer development. Moreover, in human dysplastic liver nodules, but not in malignant tumours, a specific expression pattern with increased c-Jun–survivin and attenuated c-Fos–SIRT6 levels was identified. These results reveal a regulatory network connecting stress response and histone modification in liver tumour initiation, which could be targeted to prevent liver tumorigenesis.

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    2013-04-29 sunylz
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    2013-02-10 维他命
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    2013-11-24 liye789132251

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