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Nat Immunol:鲁林荣等发现T淋巴细胞重要功能基因

2012-05-19 周炜 浙大新闻办

T淋巴细胞在免疫系统中发挥着重要功能。浙江大学医学院免疫学研究所鲁林荣教授带领的研究团队近日在T淋巴细胞中发现并命名一个名叫Tespa1的新基因,并阐释了其作用机制。    相关论文“Tespa1 is involved in late thymocyte development through regulation of the TCR-mediated signa

T淋巴细胞在免疫系统中发挥着重要功能。浙江大学医学院免疫学研究所鲁林荣教授带领的研究团队近日在T淋巴细胞中发现并命名一个名叫Tespa1的新基因,并阐释了其作用机制。
   
相关论文“Tespa1 is involved in late thymocyte development through regulation of the TCR-mediated signaling”5月6日在线发表在《自然-免疫学》(Nature Immunology)上,第一作者为浙大医学院副教授王迪和博士生郑明珠,浙大医学院免疫学研究所和基础系PMCB团队PI鲁林荣为通讯作者。
   
人体免疫系统依赖各种高度分化的免疫细胞来抵御外界微生物的感染。其中,T淋巴细胞在免疫反应中担当重要的角色,它们能直接杀伤病毒感染细胞或肿瘤细胞,或辅助B细胞产生抗体,对特异性抗原产生应答并分泌效应因子等,是机体抵御感染和肿瘤形成的重要细胞亚群。T细胞的功能异常会导致机体免疫功能的紊乱并诱发多种疾病:如先天性T细胞缺陷会导致婴儿细胞免疫功能缺失,易患真菌、病毒、原虫等感染,严重的在3-4个月就会因感染而死亡;同时T细胞免疫缺陷者的肿瘤发病率是正常人100-300倍;而大家熟知的艾滋病就是因为HIV病毒就是通过攻击人体的CD4 T细胞使其丧失功能,进而导致获得性免疫缺陷。
   
T淋巴细胞在胸腺中发育,该过程受到精细的细胞和分子水平调控。鲁林荣课题组通过生物信息学筛选,发现Tespa1基因在胸腺中有特异性表达。随后,研究人员通过构建Tespa1基因敲除小鼠,发现小鼠中Tespa1基因的缺失会导致T细胞发育受阻。进一步的显示,Tespa1对于指导T细胞发育的T细胞受体(TCR)信号传导起着精细的调控作用。
   
 “这项研究扩充了我们目前对T细胞发育和T细胞信号传导的认识,同时也为T淋巴细胞相关疾病的临床诊断和治疗提供了新的研究靶点和思路。”鲁林荣教授介绍,接下来,研究团队将在患有免疫缺陷或免疫功能紊乱的病人中调查有无Tespa1基因的突变,探究这种基因与人体疾病的相互关联。“如果存在关联,那么Tespa1基因可以作为今后这类疾病基因诊断和靶向治疗的重要指标。”(生物谷:Bioon.com)

doi:10.1038/ni.2301
PMC:
PMID:

Tespa1 is involved in late thymocyte development through the regulation of TCR-mediated signaling

Di Wang, Mingzhu Zheng, Lei Lei, Jian Ji, Yunliang Yao, Yuanjun Qiu, Lie Ma, Jun Lou, Chuan Ouyang, Xue Zhang, Yuewei He, Jun Chi, Lie Wang, Ying Kuang, Jianli Wang, Xuetao Cao & Linrong Lu

Signaling via the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) during the CD4+CD8+ double-positive developmental stage determines thymocyte selection and lineage commitment. Here we describe a previously uncharacterized T cell–expressed protein, Tespa1, with critical functions during the positive selection of thymocytes. Tespa1−/− mice had fewer mature thymic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which reflected impaired thymocyte development. Tespa1 associated with the TCR signaling components PLC-γ1 and Grb2, and Tespa1 deficiency resulted in attenuated TCR signaling, as reflected by defective activation of the Erk–AP-1 and Ca2+-NFAT pathways. Our findings demonstrate that Tespa1 is a component of the TCR signalosome and is essential for T cell selection and maturation through the regulation of TCR signaling during T cell development.

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    2012-07-06 liye789132251
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