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经历宫内窘迫的儿童若经常摄入高盐饮食,会损伤血管功能

2015-10-12 QQduhq 译 MedSci原创

如果民众的饮食习惯不合理,则机体健康体质将会受损。饮食方式不健康的孕妇也会导致子宫内的胎儿机体功能失调。Sarah Walton等研究人员进行的新的研究表明,若胎儿出现宫内窘迫,且出生后摄入高盐饮食,则会出现血管功能异常。他们将研究成果发表在Physiology。氧气对胎儿的发育起着至关重要的作用。若孕中期和孕晚期胎儿出现宫内窘迫,则会导致胎儿宫内生长受限(IUGR),这可能会导致胎儿功能出现一系

如果民众的饮食习惯不合理,则机体健康体质将会受损。饮食方式不健康的孕妇也会导致子宫内的胎儿机体功能失调。Sarah Walton等研究人员进行的新的研究表明,若胎儿出现宫内窘迫,且出生后摄入高盐饮食,可导致血管功能异常。他们将研究成果发表在Physiology。


氧气对胎儿的发育起着至关重要的作用。若孕中期和孕晚期胎儿出现宫内窘迫,则会导致胎儿宫内生长受限(IUGR),这可能会导致胎儿功能出现一系列生长发育问题、出生时低体重和早产等。出生后,IUGR会导致婴儿出现脑瘫、心血管功能障碍、肾脏损害、儿童注意力缺陷多动症(ADHD)等。

妊娠时胎儿供氧减少是孕妇妊娠期出现的一种常见并发症,主要是由于孕妇吸烟或严重睡眠呼吸暂停等引起。其他危险因素包括孕妇生活在高海拔环境中、出现子痫前期、本身存在心血管疾病(如青紫型心脏病、心力衰竭或肺动脉高压)或孕双胞胎等情况皆可导致胎儿在宫内供氧不足。 

若出生后儿童摄入高盐饮食,则会导致他们患心血管疾病的风险增加。肾脏也会也因此受累,摄入的钠过多会破坏导致儿童体液平衡,肾脏排出多余的水分。同时,高血压的出现也会导致肾脏血流供应失调,进一步加重了肾脏的损害。

在该研究中,昆士兰大学副教授Karen Moritz带领的研究团队,通过减少母鼠宫内胎儿供氧,同时使小鼠出生后摄入高盐饮食,以探究它们血管的功能。

研究表明,若小鼠在宫内是减少供氧,出生后又摄入高盐饮食,则小鼠会出现生长受限,且长大后血管脆弱性增加,主要表现为主动脉壁的退行性改变和小血管硬度增加。

CDC统计表明,在美国,民众经常高钠摄入量的增多是一个十分严峻的问题。每人食用的钠超过3300mg/天,超出国际推荐量的两倍多。2010年美国人饮食指南建议,美国人钠摄入量应不超过2300mg/天。 

因此,研究人员认为,这项研究十分有意义,为未来提供了许多借鉴意义。

原始出处:

Low oxygen before birth, high-salt diet may pose risk for cardiovascular disease,MNT,12,Oct,2015

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