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新技术HD-CTCs有助于早期发现癌症

2012-02-06 MedSci MedSci原创

用前所未有的精确度绘制出前列腺、乳腺癌和胰腺癌患者血液中的自由流动癌细胞,使用一种全新方法评估和控制这种疾病,因为它实时传遍全身,并解决治疗反应和治疗抗性预测的问题。 与上一代系统相比较,研究人员指出,在更高比例的患者中通过使用计算密集的方法,他们的测试显示引人注目的更多数量的高分辨力循环肿瘤细胞(HD-CTCs),这种计算密集方法使他们能看到数百万正常细胞,并在他们中间发现罕见癌症细胞。 他

用前所未有的精确度绘制出前列腺、乳腺癌和胰腺癌患者血液中的自由流动癌细胞,使用一种全新方法评估和控制这种疾病,因为它实时传遍全身,并解决治疗反应和治疗抗性预测的问题。

与上一代系统相比较,研究人员指出,在更高比例的患者中通过使用计算密集的方法,他们的测试显示引人注目的更多数量的高分辨力循环肿瘤细胞(HD-CTCs),这种计算密集方法使他们能看到数百万正常细胞,并在他们中间发现罕见癌症细胞。

他们的研究结果,发表在2012月2月3日版《物理生物学》(Physical Biology)上,这些结果能帮助揭示固体肿瘤从一个器官或组织到另一个的扩散背后的机制--直到现在才有的机制仍然是一个谜。

主持此项研究的比林斯诊所肿瘤学家Jorge Nieva博士说,"这项技术将允许科学家们离开小鼠和细胞培养系统,在人们中加速癌症治疗递送。这就是那项我们一直等待解决抵抗化疗药物问题的技术。

此研究的高级技术作者Peter Kuhn教授说:"在将来,我们的液体活检能有效地成为病人生活的指南。如果我们能实时评估疾病,我们能做实时量化处理决定。这些决定包括治疗反应的预测性决定、诊断性决定和结果的预后决定。"

加利福尼亚拉霍亚斯克里普斯物理肿瘤中心的研究人员每毫升血中能找5个或更多CTCs,80%在他们测试的20例前列腺癌患者,70%在30例乳腺癌患者,50%在18例胰腺癌患者。

作者还报告说,当与名为CellSearch®的商业测试比较时,他们的测试显著地表明更好的结果,CellSearch®使用了一个准确性较小的方法,此方法在进行荧光显像前从大约5000万细胞有效地减少到5000,意味着你希望研究重要细胞可能会失去。

在7.5毫升血液中,CellSearch®测试在15例测试病例中的5例发现两个或更多个CTCs,而新测试则在15例测试病例中的14例的1毫升血中发现2个或更多个CTCs。

用于这一新方法的染料含有靶向的抗体,然后粘附到特异蛋白上,此蛋白由CTCs所表达。一旦粘附,它们就发荧光,允许研究人员观察它们。其结果是一系列高分辨率数字图像,它保留了细胞复杂细节并允许研究人员在实验室有效地分析它们。同样引人注目的是图像质量。

"高清晰度方法提供了这些难以捉摸细胞的详细描写,这些细胞在散布全身的行动中被俘获。这是前所未有的--此前我们一直没能象这样常规而高清晰度地看到它们", 诊断病理学家Kelly Bethel医学博士说,他是Kuhn研究团队的高级临床研究员。

"此方法背后的科学与及时获得CTCs的更多详细信息,开辟了解决一些癌症中突出问题的机会,如抗药性。这是一个把物理科学方法带到一个医疗需要的例子,它具有为深远后果到大大有利于癌症患者的潜力",国家癌症研究所的Larry Nagahara博士说。(生物谷bioon.com)

doi:10.1088/1478-3975/9/1/016003
PMC:
PMID:

Fluid biopsy in patients with metastatic prostate, pancreatic and breast cancers

Dena Marrinucci, Kelly Bethel, Anand Kolatkar, Madelyn S Luttgen, Michael Malchiodi, Franziska Baehring, Katharina Voigt, Daniel Lazar, Jorge Nieva, Lyudmila Bazhenova, Andrew H Ko, W Michael Korn, Ethan Schram, Michael Coward, Xing Yang, Thomas Metzner, Rachelle Lamy, Meghana Honnatti, Craig Yoshioka, Joshua Kunken, Yelena Petrova, Devin Sok, David Nelson, Peter Kuhn

Abstract Hematologic spread of carcinoma results in incurable metastasis; yet, the basic characteristics and travel mechanisms of cancer cells in the bloodstream are unknown. We have established a fluid phase biopsy approach that identifies circulating tumor cells (CTCs) without using surface protein-based enrichment and presents them in sufficiently high definition (HD) to satisfy diagnostic pathology image quality requirements. This 'HD-CTC' assay finds >5 HD-CTCs mL?1 of blood in 80% of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (n = 20), in 70% of patients with metastatic breast cancer (n = 30), in 50% of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (n = 18), and in 0% of normal controls (n = 15). Additionally, it finds HD-CTC clusters ranging from 2 HD-CTCs to greater than 30 HD-CTCs in the majority of these cancer patients. This initial validation of an enrichment-free assay demonstrates our ability to identify significant numbers of HD-CTCs in a majority of patients with prostate, breast and pancreatic cancers.

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    2012-08-05 kalseyzl
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    2012-04-04 仁心济世
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    2012-03-26 marongnuan
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莱斯特大学的科学家因为一个全新的意外发现,开辟了一种全新的方法,此方法用于一个抗癌药物靶标家族的治疗性干预。 Schwabe教授和他的同事,即Watson博士、Fairall博士和Santos博士,已将他们的研究结果发表在本周的Nature上,详细地报道了对转录抑制复合物如何工作的一种新理解。他们的工作以测定医学重要生物分子复合物的原子分辨率结构为基础,已经持续进行了六年,目前由韦尔科姆基金会资

Cancer Res: 研究发现癌症中免疫抑制的关键细胞MDSC

在一项调查癌症内免疫反应的研究中,来自佛罗里达州墨菲特癌症中心及南佛罗里达大学的研究人员发现,免疫系统抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞和髓系衍生抑制细胞(Myeloid derived suppressor cell,MDSC,在癌症相关的免疫抑制中发挥重要作用的一种细胞)的相互作用显著地改变了MDSC介导的抑制作用的性质.相反,在MDSCs与免疫系统CD8+ T细胞相互作用时并没有观察到这样的作用.

Leukemia:用正常人免疫细胞抗击癌症

正常人免疫细胞可作为癌症的新免疫疗法。这种治疗方法能杀死癌症细胞却不破坏邻近的细胞。希望可永久地根除癌症。今天的癌症疫苗很不幸地不再是治疗方法。 "疫苗基于刺激病人自身的防御系统来抗击肿瘤。尽管全世界研究人员在过去的几十年内做了大量研究,但研究结果却被限制",奥斯陆大学免疫学研究所的Johanna Olweus教授评论到。与她的研究团队一起,她已发现了一种用免疫系统抗击癌症的全新方法。 "

NCB:癌症治疗导致PI3激酶抑制剂抗药性机制

近日,国际著名杂志《自然—化学生物学》Nature Chemical Biology上刊登了维也纳研究人员的最新研究成果“A chemical-genetic screen reveals a mechanism of resistance to PI3K inhibitors in cancer,”,文章中,研究人员发现了癌症治疗中导致PI3激酶(PI3K)抑制剂抗药性的机制,将有助于科学家们在

Cancer:很多人在被诊断出患有癌症后继续抽烟

一项新的调查发现,大量的肺癌和大肠癌患者在确诊后继续吸烟。年初发表于《癌症》(Cancer)上的一项研究提供了有价值的信息,即哪些癌症患者可能需要帮助戒烟。 当患者接受癌症诊断时,主要关注的是疾病的治疗。但在癌症诊断后停止吸烟也很重要,因为继续吸烟可能影响患者对治疗的反应、进一步患癌症的风险、潜在的生存等都有影响。美国马萨诸塞州总医院/哈佛医学院的Elyse R.Park博士带领了一个团队,对有

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