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Cancer Cell:p38α蛋白在结肠癌中的双重作用

2014-04-02 佚名 生物通

目前,西班牙生物医药研究所(IRB)的Angel R. Nebreda带领的一个研究小组发现,p38α蛋白在结肠癌中具有双重作用。这项研究指出,一方面,p38α对于上皮屏障(保护肠道抵御有毒物质)的最佳维护非常重要,从而有助于减少肿瘤的发展。有趣的是,在另一方面,一旦肿瘤形成后,p38α则是结肠癌细胞生存和增殖所必需的,因此有利于肿瘤的生长。这项研究结果于2014年3月27日发表在权威癌症研究期刊

目前,西班牙生物医药研究所(IRB)的Angel R. Nebreda带领的一个研究小组发现,p38α蛋白在结肠癌中具有双重作用。这项研究指出,一方面,p38α对于上皮屏障(保护肠道抵御有毒物质)的最佳维护非常重要,从而有助于减少肿瘤的发展。有趣的是,在另一方面,一旦肿瘤形成后,p38α则是结肠癌细胞生存和增殖所必需的,因此有利于肿瘤的生长。这项研究结果于2014年3月27日发表在权威癌症研究期刊Cancer Cell(2013年度影响因子24.755)。




P38α提高结肠癌细胞存活率

P38α蛋白是MAPK家族的一个成员,这个家族的蛋白能够将信号从细胞外传递到细胞内,从而产生一种适当和动态的细胞反应。这种蛋白在身体所有细胞中都有表达,根据所处的环境和组织,可执行高度多样化的功能。Nebreda研究小组的研究重点在于:p38α在肿瘤中的功能。他们的研究工作首次在活体内描述了p38α对于肿瘤进展的重要作用。此外,科学家表明,用之前用于临床试验的p38α抑制剂治疗小鼠,可极其显著地减少肿瘤的大小。这项研究为临床医生和制药公司,提供了p38α在结肠癌中所起作用的相关有用信息。目前,结肠癌是世界上第二大癌症相关死亡原因。

Nebreda解释说:“P38α抑制剂可能具有临床应用价值,但是也可能在将来与其他药物联合起来使用。我们正在试图找出哪种药物与p38α抑制剂联合使用可使肿瘤越来越小,最终消失。”

P38α可抑制以结肠炎症为特征的预肿瘤阶段

P38α在癌症中的作用还不明晰。在这项研究中,本文的第一作者Jalaj Gupta表明,同一蛋白在预肿瘤阶段(pre-tumoral stages)中深受结肠炎症的喜爱,可阻止肿瘤的发展。众所周知,患有肠道内慢性炎症的患者(例如克罗恩并引起的炎症),比健康人群具有更高的结肠肿瘤发病率。为了研究炎症和癌症之间的关系,Nebreda研究小组利用小鼠模型,重现了这种炎性环境。Gupta指出:“鉴于p38α在一些小鼠模型中能够调控炎症,也充当肿瘤抑制因子,我们的研究揭示了‘在炎症相关的结肠肿瘤发生期间,这两种功能是如何被整合的’。”

本研究的一个重要发现是,p38α有助于维持完整的上皮屏障,上皮屏障是一种保护肠道抵御有毒物质和病原体的结构。上皮细胞中的p38α被删除、形成肠屏障的小鼠模型,会产生一种癌症诱导程序,可引起突变和炎症。与产生相同程序、但表达p38α的小鼠相比,这些小鼠发展出两倍多的肿瘤。已有研究在肝癌和肺癌中描述过P38α的肿瘤抑制能力。Gupta解释说:“我们的研究强调了p38α功能的复杂性,不论是在癌组织还是在组织的正常维护中,并说明为什么这种有效的分子抑制剂有不良的副作用。这就是为什么必须更深入研究在何种患者和治疗中使用这种抑制剂比较合适的原因。”

Nebreda指出:“目前所有用于癌症治疗的药物都有副作用。就这一点而言,p38α抑制剂也不例外。然而,在结肠癌患者中使用这种抑制剂,可能是在手术切除前几天缩小肿瘤的有用策略。”Nebreda继续解释说,在他实验室进行的这项基础研究,是为了更好地理解肿瘤细胞的生物学、相关分子的作用和肿瘤发展的机制。

目前,Nebreda研究小组正与其他研究机构合作,研究植入人类肿瘤的小鼠。初步的研究结果证实了p38α与人类肿瘤生长的相关性。研究人员也正在进行实验,研究p38α在乳腺癌和肺癌肿瘤进展中的作用。

原始出处:
Jalaj Gupta, Ivan del Barco Barrantes, Ana Igea, Stratigoula Sakellariou, Ioannis S. Pateras, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis, Angel R. Nebredae.Dual Function of p38α MAPK in Colon Cancer: Suppression of Colitis-Associated Tumor Initiation but Requirement for Cancer Cell Survival.Cancer Cell Mar 27 2014

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    2014-10-11 维他命
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    2014-09-01 DEXTER3139
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