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“诺奖得主”大隅良典获2017生命科学突破奖,奖金远超“诺奖”

2016-12-06 佚名 生物探索

导语有着“科学界的奥斯卡”和“豪华版诺贝尔奖”称号的科学突破奖(Breakthrough Prize)在硅谷公布。今年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的唯一得主大隅良典(Yoshinori Ohsumi)再获2017生命科学突破奖,亦是表彰他在细胞自噬方面的重要贡献。据悉,此次他将获得300万美元的现金奖励,这远远高出800万瑞典克朗(约合93.2万美元)的诺贝尔奖奖金。当地时间12月4日(北京时间12月5日)

导语有着“科学界的奥斯卡”和“豪华版诺贝尔奖”称号的科学突破奖(Breakthrough Prize)在硅谷公布。今年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的唯一得主大隅良典(Yoshinori Ohsumi)再获2017生命科学突破奖,亦是表彰他在细胞自噬方面的重要贡献。据悉,此次他将获得300万美元的现金奖励,这远远高出800万瑞典克朗(约合93.2万美元)的诺贝尔奖奖金。

大隅良典(中)和家人

当地时间12月4日(北京时间12月5日),有着“科学界的奥斯卡”和“豪华版诺贝尔奖”称号的科学突破奖(Breakthrough Prize)在硅谷公布,5位在推动生命科学突破性研究应用领域的科学家获此殊荣。

今年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的唯一得主大隅良典(Yoshinori Ohsumi)再获2017生命科学突破奖,亦是表彰他在细胞自噬方面的重要贡献。据悉,此次他将获得300万美元的现金奖励,这远远高出诺贝尔奖奖金800万瑞典克朗(约合93.2万美元)。

除大隅良典之外,今年另外4名获奖者依次是:

哈佛大学医学院遗传学系遗传与医学系教授Stephen J. Elledge,他阐明了真核细胞如何感知和应答DNA损伤,为癌症发展和治疗提供了新见解。值得一提的是,他凭借在DNA损伤领域的研究,获得了去年的拉斯克奖。

加利福尼亚大学圣克鲁斯分校分子生物学教授、RNA分子生物学中心主任Harry F. Noller。他阐明了RNA在组成核糖体中的重要作用,后者是合成蛋白质的重要细胞器,是实现生命活动非常重要的一部分。这一发现将现代生物学与生命起源连接起来,让我们知道了哪些天然抗生素是通过破坏蛋白质合成起作用的。

斯坦福大学发育生物学教授和霍华德休斯医学研究所研究员Roeland Nusse,他在细胞重要信号通路Wnt上的开创性研究。Wnt信号通路在生命发育、癌症发生和干细胞生物学中起到了非常关键的作用。

贝勒医学院的罕见疾病研究员Huda Yahya Zoghbi,她成功揭示了脊髓小脑共济失调和Rett综合征的遗传和生化机制,可用于阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经疾病的药物研发。

除了上述获得“2017年生命科学突破奖”的5位得主以外,小编也盘点了近3年来生命科学突破奖得主。

2016年生命科学突破奖得主:

美国麻省理工学院的Edward S. Boyden,光遗传学;

美国斯坦福大学的Karl Deisseroth,光遗传学;

英国伦敦大学学院的John Hardy,阿尔茨海默症;

美国德州大学西南医学中心的Helen Hobbs,心血管及肝脏疾病;

德国马普进化人类学研究所的Svante Pääbo,古DNA测序。

2015年生命科学突破奖得主:

法国格勒诺布尔第一大学的Alim Louis Benabid,高频深度脑刺激与帕金森治疗;

美国洛克菲勒大学的C. David Allis,组蛋白的共价修饰;

麻省大学医学院的Victor Ambros&麻省总医院与哈佛医学院的Gary Ruvkun,microRNA的调控基因表达;

加州大学伯克利分校的Jennifer Doudna&瑞典于默奥大学亥姆霍兹感染研究中心的Emmanuelle Charpentier,基因编辑CRISPR技术。

2014年生命科学突破奖得主:

MD安德森肿瘤中心的詹姆斯·埃里森(James Allison),发现T细胞检查阻塞这一有效的癌症治疗手段;

埃默里大学的马龙·德隆(Mahlon Delong),发现帕金森氏症中大脑连锁回路的异常,奠定了基于大脑回路、通过深度大脑刺激的帕金森氏症治疗方法;

巴塞尔大学的迈克尔·豪尔(Michael Hall),发现雷帕霉素靶标及其在细胞成长控制中扮演的角色;

麻省理工学院大卫·科赫研究所教授罗伯特·兰奇(Robert Langer),推动受控药物释放系统及新生物材料的发展;

耶鲁大学、霍华德·休斯医学院的理查德·利夫顿(Richard Lifton),发现导致高血压的基因和生物化学机制;

加州理工学院的亚历山大·瓦沙夫斯基(Alexander Varshavsky),发现细胞内蛋白降解的分子因素和生物学功能。

关于“生命科学突破奖”

 科学突破奖(BREAKTHROUGH PRIZES)是在2013年由俄罗斯亿万富翁尤里·米尔纳设立,奖项有生命科学突破奖、基础物理学突破奖、数学突破奖、物理学新视野奖、数学新视野奖以及青年挑战突破奖。

“生命科学突破奖”于2013年2月启动,专门激励那些致力于治疗顽疾和延长人类寿命的科学家。获奖者将获得300万美元,被喻为“豪华版诺贝尔奖”。

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    2016-12-08 wumeihua90
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    2016-12-06 studylzc

    厉害?!

    0

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