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Nat Aging:切除生殖器官为何会延缓男性衰老?

2021-10-11 haibei MedSci原创

在衰老研究中,切除生殖器官已被证明可以延长线虫的寿命。在人类历史上,睾丸切除(阉割)也被证明往往与男性的长寿有关。

促性腺释放激素(GnRH)由下丘脑通过正中突出部(ME)释放到下脑门系统,刺激垂体促性腺激素的产生和释放,包括卵泡刺激素(FSH)和黄体生成素(LH),随后刺激性腺激素,如雄激素和雌激素的产生和释放。与此相反,性激素的作用可以抑制促性腺激素以及GnRH的产生和释放,导致下丘脑-垂体-性腺(HPG)轴的负反馈回路。

研究人员最近发现,下丘脑在衰老中具有程序性的作用,其中GnRH扮演着主要的角色。

在衰老研究中,切除生殖器官已被证明可以延长线虫的寿命。在人类历史上,睾丸切除(阉割)也被证明往往与男性的长寿有关。然而,也有证据表明,衰老主要与HPG轴的下丘脑和垂体部分的变化有关,而不是与性腺激素水平的变化有关。

移除性腺的影响有可能是由于下丘脑的变化,有利于抗衰老的效果。然而,这种关系是复杂的,因为切除性腺的一个结果是促性腺激素的释放急剧增加,而血液中的高促性腺激素水平与衰老相关,并且经常发现对健康不利。因此,研究不同的HPG成分如何影响衰老过程是复杂的,需要对这些成分如何共同发挥作用进行综合描述。

小鼠衰老过程中GnRH和LH脉冲的变化

最近,研究人员发现,在衰老过程中,在GnRH脉冲振幅缓慢下降之前,下丘脑GnRH脉冲的频率和不规则性就会增加。GnRH被核因子(NF)-κB所抑制,此外,GnRH脉冲被NF-κB的转录活性的振荡所控制。

在促炎症条件下暴露于睾丸激素会刺激NF-κB振荡和GnRH脉冲。虽然阉割中年小鼠会诱发短期抗衰老效应,但防止阉割后黄体生成素(LH)水平的升高会导致长期抗衰老效应和寿命的延长,这表明高频GnRH脉冲和高量级的LH水平会共同调节衰老的过程

通过光遗传学方法对中年雄性小鼠的内源性GnRH脉冲进行重新编程,研究人员发现增加GnRH脉冲频率会导致LH过剩和衰老加速,而降低GnRH脉冲的频率和稳定GnRH脉冲可以延缓衰老。

总之,该研究结果表明,GnRH脉冲对雄性小鼠的衰老很重要。

 

原始出处:

Zhouguang Wang et al. GnRH pulse frequency and irregularity play a role in male aging. Nature Aging (2021). 

 

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906659, encodeId=644d190665996, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=879e690e29a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生殖器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69072, encryptionId=879e690e29a, topicName=生殖器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8994206, createdName=chendoc242, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 06:47:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885440, encodeId=e1d7188544010, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Aug 31 03:47:41 CST 2022, time=2022-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1060198, encodeId=12071060198e2, content=这类研究方向没法测试。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=366c5447718, createdName=喝了多少杯, createdTime=Wed Oct 13 19:03:38 CST 2021, time=2021-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1060047, encodeId=b763106004e36, content=已学习已分享 , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Wed Oct 13 09:14:57 CST 2021, time=2021-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059869, encodeId=26f110598692e, content=这伦理能过还有鬼了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210910/3a7cc4dfad5344a194c73fffa7554b17/44f8d4598b3142fbb8f6d782fd70e230.jpg, createdBy=5be35517274, createdName=老天再爱我sci一次, createdTime=Tue Oct 12 16:38:59 CST 2021, time=2021-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059858, encodeId=58b8105985838, content=关键是切了以后活的再久也没什么意思啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Io9O9IbE08dzVutYnXxFFgOH8lhHHicIib8nHOef9ibDiaQymkyhyFicTD92mU9gTbfWr27Nt4UWjK4S5VFdticmVZdg/132, createdBy=c0ad1954810, createdName=徐药师, createdTime=Tue Oct 12 16:12:21 CST 2021, time=2021-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059661, encodeId=c71d10596614b, content=有待进一步观察研究呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=2f255526204, createdName=我思故我在2, createdTime=Tue Oct 12 08:53:45 CST 2021, time=2021-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-31 liye789132251
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906659, encodeId=644d190665996, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=879e690e29a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生殖器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69072, encryptionId=879e690e29a, topicName=生殖器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8994206, createdName=chendoc242, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 06:47:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885440, encodeId=e1d7188544010, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Aug 31 03:47:41 CST 2022, time=2022-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1060198, encodeId=12071060198e2, content=这类研究方向没法测试。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=366c5447718, createdName=喝了多少杯, createdTime=Wed Oct 13 19:03:38 CST 2021, time=2021-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1060047, encodeId=b763106004e36, content=已学习已分享 , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Wed Oct 13 09:14:57 CST 2021, time=2021-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059869, encodeId=26f110598692e, content=这伦理能过还有鬼了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210910/3a7cc4dfad5344a194c73fffa7554b17/44f8d4598b3142fbb8f6d782fd70e230.jpg, createdBy=5be35517274, createdName=老天再爱我sci一次, createdTime=Tue Oct 12 16:38:59 CST 2021, time=2021-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059858, encodeId=58b8105985838, content=关键是切了以后活的再久也没什么意思啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Io9O9IbE08dzVutYnXxFFgOH8lhHHicIib8nHOef9ibDiaQymkyhyFicTD92mU9gTbfWr27Nt4UWjK4S5VFdticmVZdg/132, createdBy=c0ad1954810, createdName=徐药师, createdTime=Tue Oct 12 16:12:21 CST 2021, time=2021-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059661, encodeId=c71d10596614b, content=有待进一步观察研究呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=2f255526204, createdName=我思故我在2, createdTime=Tue Oct 12 08:53:45 CST 2021, time=2021-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-13 喝了多少杯

    这类研究方向没法测试。。。

    0

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    2021-10-13 15938038573红旗飘飘

    已学习已分享

    0

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    2021-10-12 老天再爱我sci一次

    这伦理能过还有鬼了。

    0

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    2021-10-12 徐药师

    关键是切了以后活的再久也没什么意思啊

    0

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    2021-10-12 我思故我在2

    有待进一步观察研究呀

    0

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