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Cell:揭示SIRT3在调节线粒体健康中的关键作用

2016-11-06 佚名 生物谷

就蛋白而言,去乙酰化酶(sirtuin)是令人喜欢的,而且因它们与衰老和年龄相关疾病相关联而受到人们的广泛关注。作为去乙酰化酶的来源,线粒体,也因在健康和疾病中的作用而闻名于世。 来自美国哈佛医学院的Marcia Haigis和她的团队从事基础研究,提出了一个较为深刻的问题:在细胞中,哪些蛋白与去乙酰化酶进行交谈? 为了解决这个问题,在一项新的研究中,Haigis团队构建出在线粒体中发现的去乙


就蛋白而言,去乙酰化酶(sirtuin)是令人喜欢的,而且因它们与衰老和年龄相关疾病相关联而受到人们的广泛关注。作为去乙酰化酶的来源,线粒体,也因在健康和疾病中的作用而闻名于世。

来自美国哈佛医学院的Marcia Haigis和她的团队从事基础研究,提出了一个较为深刻的问题:在细胞中,哪些蛋白与去乙酰化酶进行交谈?

为了解决这个问题,在一项新的研究中,Haigis团队构建出在线粒体中发现的去乙酰化酶的蛋白相互作用图谱,即蛋白相互作用组。他们随后利用这种图谱揭示一种特定的去乙酰化酶如何与它的蛋白搭档相互合作来维持线粒体正常运转。

Haigis团队绘制了89种蛋白的星座图以便观察到去乙酰化酶蛋白家族的三个成员SIRT3、SIRT4和SIRT5哪个结合得最为牢固。这种方法让他们发现SIRT3和它在调节线粒体健康中发挥的关键性作用。

损伤控制在细胞和它们的组分中发挥着至关重要的作用,能够启动一种降解缺陷组分的过程。但是,结果证实SIRT3以一种不同的方式介入。它快速地对线粒体应激作出反应,同时不用启动自我摧毁的开关。

在这项研究中,Haigis团队为未来的研究提供一种路线图,而且揭示他们如何利用它发现对线粒体应激作出的这种反应。

Haigis说,“了解三种线粒体去乙酰化酶的蛋白结合图谱看起来是什么样子给我们---和这个领域---提供一种非常丰富的资源。这种蛋白相互作用组让我们研究应激反应,而且我们观察得越多,我们更加清楚的是,这种反应实际上是一种调节反馈。”

在细胞内,线粒体必须在它的内膜两边维持一种合适的化学梯度,其中作为细胞的能源,ATP是在线粒体内膜上产生的。当这种被称作膜电势稳态(membrane potential homeostasis)的均衡被破坏时,它的pH水平急剧下降,而且这种膜电势发送一种信号来破坏线粒体。

Haigis和她的团队发现SIRT3和它的蛋白结合搭档ATP5O对这种pH下降作出的反应是翻动其他蛋白上的化学标记,和改变它们在线粒体中的交谈对象。作为对细胞应激作出的反应,SIRT3和ATP5O能够拨动这些化学相互作用直到合适的平衡得到恢复。

Haigis说,“这是对应激作出的一种快速反应,而且从细胞生物学的观点来看,它比总是降解受损的线粒体更加高效。”

原始出处

Wen Yang, Koji Nagasawa, Christian Münch, Yingjie Xu, Kyle Satterstrom.et.al.Mitochondrial Sirtuin Network Reveals Dynamic SIRT3-Dependent Deacetylation in Response to Membrane Depolarization.Cell.2016


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    2017-02-24 维他命
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