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JAHA:CSPPT研究全新分析:血压波动增加中风危险,偶发高血压也不能轻易放过

2017-03-22 卢芳 中国循环杂志

北京大学第一医院学者通过对CSPPT研究2万余高血压患者随访数据分析发现,随诊间收缩压波动是高血压患者首次卒中发生的独立危险因素,尤其对于缺血性脑卒中,而且独立于平均收缩压。研究显示,随诊次数越多,其收缩压波动对之后卒中预测越有价值,不过多于10次,预测价值似乎不太明显;随诊间收缩压波动越大,卒中风险越高。图1  6次随访间收缩压波动情况五分位数相对应的卒中风险值得注意的是,对于血压控制

北京大学第一医院学者通过对CSPPT研究2万余高血压患者随访数据分析发现,随诊间收缩压波动是高血压患者首次卒中发生的独立危险因素,尤其对于缺血性脑卒中,而且独立于平均收缩压。

研究显示,随诊次数越多,其收缩压波动对之后卒中预测越有价值,不过多于10次,预测价值似乎不太明显;随诊间收缩压波动越大,卒中风险越高。


图1  6次随访间收缩压波动情况五分位数相对应的卒中风险

值得注意的是,对于血压控制较差,收缩压≥140 mmHg者,随诊间收缩压波动最具卒中预测价值。这提示,平均收缩压和随诊间收缩压波动在血压管理中是同等重要的。

此外,研究还显示,在女性、老年患者、肥胖人群,也应该注意其随诊间收缩压波动水平。

不过该研究未显示出随诊间收缩压波动与出血性卒中的显着相关性,但研究者认为关注收缩压波动还是有意义的。

在该研究中,有18.8%的卒中患者为出血性脑卒中,占整体受试人群的0.57%。而且,平均收缩压水平显示对出血性脑卒中具有预测价值。

另外,之前来自CSPPT研究的一项随访1.5年的分析结果显示,血压波动可加速脑微出血的进展。

研究者指出,该研究提示,在临床实践中,对于偶发高血压者不应该轻易放过。此外,即使在随访时血压控制在正常范围者,也仍有可能存在高血压。

鉴于此,临床医生应该加强对高血压患者血压波动的认识,而非仅仅一次随诊时表现的正常血压。

此外,在应用降压药物时,要兼顾平均血压的降低和随诊间血压波动的改善,其中钙拮抗剂被证明对于降低随诊间血压波动更为有效,而β受体阻滞剂和血管紧张素受体阻断剂却会增加随诊间血压波动。

该研究回顾性分析了CSPPT研究中32个社区20702例高血压患者随访时收缩压变异相关数据。受试者的血压每隔3个月测量1次。中位随访4.5年期间,有597人发生卒中。

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