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Front Behav Neurosci:贪官大脑与我们有何不同:药物或可抑制腐败

2014-07-06 参考消息 参考消息

概念图 香港《南华早报》网站7月5日刊登题为《贪官的大脑,与我们有何不同?》的报道称,人们会毫不犹豫地接受贿赂,还是会再三深思?科学家认为,这个问题或许 可以在左脑中找到答案。这一说法促使外界讨论是否可以利用药物或治疗方法来抑制腐败倾向。 科学界一直在寻找一种神经机制,希望借此解释为何人们的行为会偏离社会规范。 内地行为神经科学家最近重点研究了大脑左侧额下回稍上方的

概念图

概念图

香港《南华早报》网站7月5日刊登题为《贪官的大脑,与我们有何不同?》的报道称,人们会毫不犹豫地接受贿赂,还是会再三深思?科学家认为,这个问题或许可以在左脑中找到答案。这一说法促使外界讨论是否可以利用药物或治疗方法来抑制腐败倾向。

科学界一直在寻找一种神经机制,希望借此解释为何人们的行为会偏离社会规范。

内地行为神经科学家最近重点研究了大脑左侧额下回稍上方的一小块区域,研究报告发表在国际期刊《行为神经科学前沿》上。报告称,当“人们宁可牺牲道德准则去追求财富”时,这部分区域起到了“关键作用”。

研究小组由中国科学院心理研究所教授李纾率领。该小组发现,受贿金额越多,受贿行为对大脑的刺激就越大。

研究人员为28名志愿者设计了一个游戏。每位参与者获得一笔资金,金额从8元逐渐增至3000元。

每次向参与者提供资金时,研究人员会询问他们是否愿与他人分享这笔金钱。若是接受,参与者会得到其中一定比例的金钱。若是拒绝,则所有人均得不到任何金钱。李纾表示,这种情况与收受贿款相似。

志愿者被安排在核磁共振成像机内,以记录他们的大脑活动。志愿者被询问是否接受金钱,然后按下“是”或“否”的按钮。研究人员发现,无论金钱多寡,向志愿者提供金钱都会刺激他们脑部的“愉悦”区域:右侧前额叶皮层及双侧脑岛。两者分别位于大脑的正面和侧面。志愿者决定接受一定比例的金钱时,他们左侧额下回的激活程度强于其他区域。资金越多,激活程度越强。

并非所有参与者都对高风险的金钱做出同样的回应。左侧额下回活动程度越强的人士,就越倾向于牺牲公平原则追求金钱。换言之,他们更容易被“收买”。李纾表示,研究结果或可进一步阐明腐败为何及如何发生。

北京大学神经病学博士葛鉴桥认为,研究贪官的大脑功能或有助发现大脑与腐败行为之间的联系。对科学家来说这是个有趣的课题,对社会也非常重要。但扫描已定罪贪官的大脑仍存在许多技术困难。如果要做对比,研究人员首先需要建立一个“正常大脑”模型。那么应拿谁来与贪官对比呢?是普通公民,还是其他承受同等工作压力的官员?

葛鉴桥还说,腐败还可能受到几个社会和生物因素的影响,如财务和健康状况。不过,如果发现受贿行为与大脑相关,科学家就可以研究替代方法来调整人的行为,包括药物或心理治疗。

中国科学院昆明动物研究所神经科学研究员曹军警告说,任何研究不仅需要受试者同意,也需要政府批准。未经授权,任何科学家都不能扫描狱中的前政府官员大脑。已定罪的贪官也未必愿意帮助研究。虽然人人都讨厌贪官,但他们也是人类一员,未经同意不能探测他们的大脑。

原始出处:

Zhou Y, Wang Y, Rao LL, Yang LQ, Li S.Money talks: neural substrate of modulation of fairness by monetary incentives.Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 May 5;8:150. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00150.

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    2014-07-15 lovetcm

    看看而已,并不足信

    0

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    2014-07-14 liangxiu2010

    采用fMRI的研究真的可靠吗?

    0

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    2014-07-14 chen111111

    真牛!药物抑制腐败!

    0

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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709649, encodeId=eb8f1e09649d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f4bd853364c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腐败#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85336, encryptionId=f4bd853364c, topicName=腐败)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4ce131763716, createdName=ms1490123962508630, createdTime=Wed Apr 15 15:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=10494, encodeId=69b2104945c, content=看看而已,并不足信, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=189, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Jul 15 23:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=10475, encodeId=d429104e560, content=采用fMRI的研究真的可靠吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=bbf073598, createdName=liangxiu2010, createdTime=Mon Jul 14 22:13:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=10473, encodeId=c95e104e335, content=真牛!药物抑制腐败!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=145, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d2d2103784, createdName=chen111111, createdTime=Mon Jul 14 21:31:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947821, encodeId=40a3194e82129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e54d8483db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HAV#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8483, encryptionId=e54d8483db, topicName=HAV)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3fc52500170, createdName=12498cbcm00(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Jan 07 07:13:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1363976, encodeId=537413639e6f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Tue Jul 08 09:13:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521837, encodeId=c53b152183ef1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f83866137f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6613, encryptionId=f83866137f, topicName=EHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=937d11405368, createdName=qjddjq, createdTime=Tue Jul 08 09:13:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=10322, encodeId=61bd1032253, content=药物抑制腐败,真牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=160, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon Jul 07 21:36:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-07-08 lsndxfj
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    2014-07-08 qjddjq
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    2014-07-07 lovetcm

    药物抑制腐败,真牛

    0

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近日,来自杜克大学和新加坡国立大学的研究人员通过研究表明,成年人睡眠越少,其大脑老化速度越快,这项研究刊登于国际杂志Sleep上,相关研究为揭示睡眠缺失和个体认知功能下降(痴呆等)之间的关系提供了一定的研究数据和希望。 此前研究中,研究人员在老年个体中检测了睡眠持续时间对认知功能的影响,尽管个体大脑脑室的快速扩张是认知功能下降及神经变性疾病发生的一个标志物,但是睡眠对该标志物的影响却从未检测过。

PNAS:当父亲抚养子女时,他的大脑变得更像"母亲"

一项研究发现,父亲照顾子女产生的大脑反应提示存在一个抚养子女的神经网络。【原文下载】 此前的研究已经审视了母亲对照顾婴儿的大脑反应,然而几乎没有科研人员研究过父亲的反应,也没有研究母亲和父亲的大脑反应之间的差异是否与主要看护者的性别有关。 研究人员监测了89名首次做父母的人的大脑在与其子女互动时的反应。20名提供主要看护的异性恋母亲、21名提供次要看护的异性恋父亲,以及48名在一个伙伴关

Brain and Behavior:“高敏感”大脑对他人情绪更敏感

如果你觉得自己很愿意帮助不幸的人,或者很容易在看到电影场景时流泪,再或者喜欢在社交平台上随时发布让你感动的照片,根据纽约大学石溪分校的心理学家 Arthur Aron 和 Elaine Aron Elaine Aron的研究,你或许是20%具有同情基因的人类之一。 发布在《大脑与行为》杂志上的新研究中,他们和加州大学、艾伯特·爱因斯坦医学院以及蒙茅茨大学的同行合作发现,对受试者大脑进行的功能性核磁

Science:人们喜欢做事,但不喜欢思索

据Timothy Wilson及其同事所做的一项新的研究披露,我们人类真的不喜欢单独进行思索。研究人员用11个实验组成的系列显示,大多数的人发现单独坐在一个房屋内仅仅思索6-15分钟而不做其它任何事是困难的,他们中有些人--大多为男性--甚至宁愿让自己接受令人不愉快的电击也不愿意完成这一作业。Wilson和他的团队让一群大学生静静地坐在一间空房间内,他们没有书籍、手机或其它任何会分心的东西。 据研

PLOS Biology :人类头脑聪明但四肢不再发达

书呆子弱不禁风,运动员则是四肢发达头脑简单,这些都是高中里流行的陈词滥调。 根据发表在PLOS Biology上的一篇论文,中科院和马克斯普朗克研究院的研究人员发现,上面的说法可能藏着演化的真相。 他们比较了人类和其它哺乳动物不同器官组织的代谢组,发现大脑的增强伴随着肌肉的削弱。大脑只占人体重量的2%,但却消耗了五分之一的代谢能量。为了维持大脑的运作,人类只能发明烹饪。 研究人员发现,

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