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FRONT CELL INFECT MI:比较基因组学分析结核分枝杆菌差异

2017-05-29 MedSci MedSci原创

据WHO结核年报报道,2015年全球新增结核病例1,040万,死亡180万。另外,目前全球约有约20亿人口为结核菌携带者,感染者中约1/10的人最终会发展为活动性结核。结核分枝杆菌复合体(MTBC)是引发结核病的元凶,其家族成员在基因组序列上极为保守,一致性超过99%,但是不同谱系的菌株在毒力、宿主适应性等方面存在较大表型差异,这可能是MTBC菌株与不同的宿主之间长期共进化的结果。

近日,国际杂志Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology上在线发表一项关于基因型保守的结核分枝杆菌为何存在表型差异的研究。

WHO结核年报报道,2015年全球新增结核病例1,040万,死亡180万。另外,目前全球约有约20亿人口为结核菌携带者,感染者中约1/10的人最终会发展为活动性结核。结核分枝杆菌复合体(MTBC)是引发结核病的元凶,其家族成员在基因组序列上极为保守,一致性超过99%,但是不同谱系的菌株在毒力、宿主适应性等方面存在较大表型差异,这可能是MTBC菌株与不同的宿主之间长期共进化的结果。

研究人员选取了分属不同谱系(包括标准株H37RaH37Rv、牛结核、卡介苗)、适应于不同宿主且表现出不同致病性的12MTBC菌株,借助比较基因组学手段,全面揭示了导致MTBC宿主适应性、毒力和免疫原性差异的遗传基础。 通过对感染不同宿主的结核杆菌的比较分析,发现了三类只存在于人源菌株中的基因,包括2个烯酰辅酶A水合酶、5PE/PPE家族蛋白和8mce3家族蛋白。这些基因中的绝大多数已被实验证明在结核毒力和免疫中发挥重要的作用,它们在动物源菌株中的特异性缺失极有可能导致结核杆菌宿主适应性差异。

研究结果揭示了导致MTBC菌株表型差异的基因组突变。此外,对整个MTBC范围内系统的比较基因组学研究为更好的理解MTBC的致病机制奠定了基础,为结核病的防治提供了新的检测靶标,进一步促进了针对结核病疫苗的研发。

原始出处:

Xinmiao Jia, Li Yang, Mengxing Dong, et.al.The Bioinformatics Analysis of Comparative Genomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) Provides Insight into Dissimilarities between Intraspecific Groups Differing in Host Association, Virulence, and Epitope Diversity.

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    2018-03-06 维他命
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    2017-05-30 187****0626

    高端医学,以后会越来越普及

    0

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    2017-05-29 qingfengqishi5

    学习了,学习了

    0

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女性,58岁,因多处关节出现无痛性肿胀和夜晚盗汗严重到院就诊。据了解,此前该女士曾一直服用糖皮质激素治疗皮肌炎和肺纤维化疾病20年余。体格检查可见,该女士患有恶病质,肩峰下和肘部鹰嘴部位有无痛性肿块的囊肿块(如图A和图B所示),以及双手的伸肌腱鞘腱鞘炎(如图C)。人类免疫缺陷病毒测试结果阴性,同时,并没有显示有其他的免疫缺陷。对该三个不同的部位(左、右肩峰与鹰嘴囊)进行囊肿穿刺抽取脓液培养,结果显

Nat Commun:土壤细菌衍生的特殊化合物或有望成为抵御肺结核的新型疗法

日前,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Communications上的研究报告中,来自英国华威大学等多个机构的研究人员通过研究利用来自土壤中细菌衍生的化合物开发出了治疗肺结核(TB)的新型疗法。 文章中,研究者发现,某种土壤细菌所产生的化合物能够有效抑制其周围的细菌生长,利用合成化学技术,研究

Cell Host & Microbe:结核分枝杆菌如何“哄骗”机体免疫系统?

近日,一篇发表于国际杂志Cell Host & Microbe上的研究论文中,来自瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院(EPFL)的科学家通过研究揭示了结核分枝杆菌如何“欺骗”病人免疫系统来降低自身的免疫防御力;肺结核是由结核分枝杆菌引起,目前全球有超过1200万人感染该菌,当细菌感染机体时,机体免疫防御对于抵御疾病进展非常关键。 当结合分枝杆菌感染个体,其会攻击患者肺部的第一道防御免疫细胞—巨噬细

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