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五张声像图教你认识经直肠超声下的前列腺结构

2015-04-14 佚名 江苏省医学会男科学分会

uto !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;">PZ:外腺外周区 U:尿道 AFS:前列腺纤维肌肉基质 切面E示意图PZ:外腺外周区

uto !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;">

PZ:外腺外周区 U:尿道 AFS:前列腺纤维肌肉基质

切面E示意图

PZ:外腺外周区 U:尿道 AFS:前列腺纤维肌肉基质

中央圆形而周围环状低回声为尿道及周围组织,两侧为外周区,尿道前方为前列腺纤维肌肉基质。

使用端射式探头经直肠扫查:前列腺大小的标准测量值

纵切面 测量上下径(可靠)

纵切面 测量前后径(可靠)

横切面 测量左右径(可靠)

横切面 测量前后径(不可靠)(所谓的横切面其实是斜冠状面,前后径往往偏大)

,

前列腺经直肠超声探查前准备


经直肠超声探测前需排空大便


患者体位截石位、左侧卧位、胸膝位等,一般采用左侧卧位。使用端射式探头经直肠作超声引导下前列腺穿刺一般在左侧卧位下进行。但经会阴超声引导下前列腺穿刺活检须取截石位进行。


本文以示意图结合实际声像图说明端射式探头扫查前列腺的斜冠状面的带区划分


前列腺解剖


按前列腺的腺体组织对性激素的敏感性划分为内腺inner gland)和外腺outer gland)两组带区。内腺是前列腺增生的好发部位,而外腺是前列腺癌的好发部位。


内腺包括尿道周围组织(约占1%)和移行区Transition zone)(约占5%)。内腺在前列腺增生时显示独特,易被发现。


外腺包括中央区central zone)(约占25%)和外周区peripheral zone)(约占70%

前列腺前方另有非腺体组织,为前列腺纤维肌肉基质(AFS),一般不发生病变。



切面A 前列腺底部以上切面


SV:精囊 V输精管壶腹部


切面A示意图


SV:精囊 V输精管壶腹部


前列腺底部以上平面:显示两侧精囊senimal vesicles)及两侧输精管壶腹部vas deferens)的横断面,可见到输精管壶腹部与精囊管合并,汇合成射精管。


切面B 经前列腺底部切面

PZ:外腺外周区 CZ:外腺中央区 ED:射精管

切面B示意图

PZ:外腺外周区 CZ:外腺中央区 ED:射精管

经前列腺底部:显示底部的外腺区域。外腺的中央区(CZ外周区(PZ的回声相似,因而难以区分,不过中央区的位置可由纵断面的射精管、前列腺尿道和精阜三者确定——中央区位于精阜以上,近端前列腺尿道的后方,左右射精管之间及其周围


切面C 经前列腺中部(显示部分尿道)切面

PZ:外腺外周区 ED:射精管 CZ:外腺中央区 TZ:內腺区

U:尿道

Inner gland:内腺 Outer gland:外腺


切面C示意图

PZ:外腺外周区 ED:射精管 CZ:外腺中央区 TZ:內腺区

U:尿道

Inner gland:内腺 Outer gland:外腺

显示全部的内外腺组织及射精管(ED

正常前列腺经直肠声像图中,内腺相比于外腺呈稍低回声,外腺回声稍高,借此可以将两者区分。(C切面的声像图为前列腺增生患者,是为了使内腺区域显示更明显。)


切面D 经前列腺中下部(精阜以下)切面

PZ:外腺外周区 TZ:內腺区

U:尿道

Inner gland:内腺 Outer gland:外腺


切面D示意图

PZ:外腺外周区 TZ:內腺区

U:尿道

Inner gland:内腺 Outer gland:外腺

经前列腺中下部(精阜以下);显示内腺区TZ)及外腺区PZ


切面E 经前列腺尖部切面

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382545, encodeId=bbd838254521, content=怎么看不见图片呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e52168105, createdName=shelly2010, createdTime=Wed May 06 08:41:38 CST 2020, time=2020-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371206, encodeId=e21f3e120657, content=没图片, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=402b2607938, createdName=usroom, createdTime=Tue Aug 13 16:06:24 CST 2019, time=2019-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21191, encodeId=1e612119119, content=好东西,学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f9c21612116, createdName=tutu159, createdTime=Wed Apr 15 08:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21184, encodeId=b70721184fe, content=收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c8e1619533, createdName=cd90, createdTime=Tue Apr 14 23:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-05-06 shelly2010

    怎么看不见图片呢?

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382545, encodeId=bbd838254521, content=怎么看不见图片呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e52168105, createdName=shelly2010, createdTime=Wed May 06 08:41:38 CST 2020, time=2020-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371206, encodeId=e21f3e120657, content=没图片, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=402b2607938, createdName=usroom, createdTime=Tue Aug 13 16:06:24 CST 2019, time=2019-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21191, encodeId=1e612119119, content=好东西,学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f9c21612116, createdName=tutu159, createdTime=Wed Apr 15 08:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21184, encodeId=b70721184fe, content=收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c8e1619533, createdName=cd90, createdTime=Tue Apr 14 23:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-08-13 usroom

    没图片

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382545, encodeId=bbd838254521, content=怎么看不见图片呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e52168105, createdName=shelly2010, createdTime=Wed May 06 08:41:38 CST 2020, time=2020-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371206, encodeId=e21f3e120657, content=没图片, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=402b2607938, createdName=usroom, createdTime=Tue Aug 13 16:06:24 CST 2019, time=2019-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21191, encodeId=1e612119119, content=好东西,学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f9c21612116, createdName=tutu159, createdTime=Wed Apr 15 08:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21184, encodeId=b70721184fe, content=收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c8e1619533, createdName=cd90, createdTime=Tue Apr 14 23:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-15 tutu159

    好东西,学习。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382545, encodeId=bbd838254521, content=怎么看不见图片呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e52168105, createdName=shelly2010, createdTime=Wed May 06 08:41:38 CST 2020, time=2020-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371206, encodeId=e21f3e120657, content=没图片, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=402b2607938, createdName=usroom, createdTime=Tue Aug 13 16:06:24 CST 2019, time=2019-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21191, encodeId=1e612119119, content=好东西,学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f9c21612116, createdName=tutu159, createdTime=Wed Apr 15 08:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21184, encodeId=b70721184fe, content=收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c8e1619533, createdName=cd90, createdTime=Tue Apr 14 23:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-14 cd90

    收藏

    0

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