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Eur J Nutr:吃鸡蛋会引起动脉粥样硬化么?不会!还可以降低卒中风险

2018-04-28 一条锦鲤 医学界心血管频道

鸡蛋应该算是居家旅行必备食材了,煎炒炖煮样样行,不管是烹饪新手还是大厨都能拿它做道好菜。而且鸡蛋本身营养价值高,富含人体所需的8种必需氨基酸,蛋黄里还有丰富的钙、磷、铁、维生素A、维生素D和维生素B族以及胆固醇。

鸡蛋应该算是居家旅行必备食材了,煎炒炖煮样样行,不管是烹饪新手还是大厨都能拿它做道好菜。而且鸡蛋本身营养价值高,富含人体所需的8种必需氨基酸,蛋黄里还有丰富的钙、磷、铁、维生素A、维生素D和维生素B族以及胆固醇

说起胆固醇,难免会有人隐隐担心:鸡蛋里的胆固醇怕是要让我的血胆固醇也升高吧,会不会得动脉粥样硬化呀?

剂量,依然要注意剂量!正常成年人从外界吸收的胆固醇只占每日所需胆固醇的五分之一,剩下的五分之四都是机体自己通过脂质代谢合成的。要说害怕血胆固醇增高,先解决内源性的胆固醇才是正经事,我们都熟悉的他汀类药物就是限制内生性胆固醇的“超级武器”。

而且,食物里的营养物质要进入人体可是要通过我们强大的消化系统的,吃下去的胆固醇大概只有30%会被吸收,就算我们一天吃4个鸡蛋,被吸收的胆固醇也只有1个蛋的含量,也才刚刚到达推荐摄入量。毕竟,没有人会静脉输蛋液吧?(虽然在不考虑休克和栓塞等致命不良反应的情况下静脉途径的生物利用率可达100%)

不管是世界卫生组织、欧盟、还是英国的指南,都没有提出对于鸡蛋摄入的限制。自2015年后,美国、日本、以及我们中国的指南也对于日常的胆固醇摄入取消了限制。

近日,一篇关于鸡蛋会不会增加心血管风险的荟萃分析刊登在《欧洲营养学杂志》(European Journal of Nutrition)。这个研究随访了来自广州生物样本库的近2.8万人,时间长达10年,这些研究对象根据每周摄入鸡蛋的量被分为三组,分别是每周摄入少于1个的,1-6个的,以及7个及以上的。

他们的结论是:在不管是一天吃1个鸡蛋还是一周吃1个的人群里,心血管疾病、缺血性心脏病和中风的死亡率,以及全因死亡率都没有明显差异。他们还发现,一周吃7个及以上鸡蛋的人不仅没有缺血性心脏病风险的增加,反而可以小幅度的减少中风风险,风险约降低9%。

这个以中国南方人群作为研究对象的荟萃分析还发现,吃鸡蛋比较多的人摄入的水果蔬菜,牛奶、坚果、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维、胆固醇、脂肪酸以及总能量都比较高,而碳水化合物,单不饱和脂肪酸以及多不饱和脂肪酸都较少。

对人群特质分析后,分析还指出鸡蛋摄入高与受教育程度较高相关,而且蛋白摄入量增加与收缩压、舒张压、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇以及BMI都呈现负相关性,但高密度脂蛋白以及腰围与鸡蛋摄入数量并没有明显的关系。以本鲤的理解,大概就是,吃蛋吃的多,大概是吃货,而且其中相当部分都是有知识的吃货。



尽管研究表明一天吃一个及以上的鸡蛋与中风风险轻微减少相关,然而鸡蛋“剂量”与减少的关系在该研究中并未得出,仍有待于进一步的研究。

那么,目前对于日常吃蛋有意义的建议是什么呢?请看以下的中国居民平衡膳食宝塔:

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    2018-05-01 suibian2007bbb

    学习学习学习

    0

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    2018-04-29 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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    2018-04-29 哈哈869

    学了

    0

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