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Prog Cardiovasc Dis:跑步延长寿命,上限约为3年

2017-04-26 佚名 生物探索

有人跑步是为了健康,有人跑步是为了减肥,也有人跑步是因为单纯喜欢运动。近日,发表在Progress in Cardiovascular Disease杂志上题为“Running as a Key Lifestyle Medicine for Longevity”的研究表示,跑步的人倾向于比没有跑步习惯的人多活约3年。具体来说,这一研究发现,尽管其它类型的运动(如步行、骑自行车)也与寿命延长相关,但

有人跑步是为了健康,有人跑步是为了减肥,也有人跑步是因为单纯喜欢运动。近日,发表在Progress in Cardiovascular Disease杂志上题为“Running as a Key Lifestyle Medicine for Longevity”的研究表示,跑步的人倾向于比没有跑步习惯的人多活约3年。



具体来说,这一研究发现,尽管其它类型的运动(如步行、骑自行车)也与寿命延长相关,但它们与跑步延长寿命的程度不同。研究人员估计,跑步1小时可能转化为一个人生命的额外7小时。这种寿命延长作用的上限约为3年。

研究人员发现,每周跑步约4小时,预期寿命提高会达到一个平衡。每周跑步超过4小时没有产生进一步明显的、延长寿命的益处。

然而,需要强调的是,研究人员只是发现了跑步与长寿之间的联想关系(associational relationship)。他们的数据表明,跑步的人倾向于活得更久,而不是跑步明确地增加了一个人的寿命。这些跑步的人往往倾向于拥有其它健康的生活方式,如保持健康的体重、不抽烟、饮酒适量等。

小编注意到,去年10月,发表在Cell Reports杂志上一篇题为“Voluntary Running Triggers VGF-Mediated Oligodendrogenesis to Prolong the Lifespan of Snf2h-Null Ataxic Mice”的论文证实,大脑损伤的小鼠通过跑步能够触发一种分子的产生。这一分子能够修复大脑组织,延长小鼠的寿命。

具体来说,该研究发现,在特定的小鼠模型中(Snf2h失活引发运动失调的小鼠),跑步对大脑健康有着显著的有益影响。这些小鼠具有特别小的小脑。由于这种缺陷,这些特别的小鼠很难保持平衡,寿命仅有25-40天。

研究中,科学家们通过在笼子中安装转轮,让一部分小鼠有跑步的机会。令人惊讶的是,这些能够跑步的小鼠寿命超过了12个月(相当于正常的小鼠寿命)。此外,这些跑步小鼠(running mice)体重更重,平衡感更强。

研究还发现,跑步小鼠和休息小鼠(resting mice)的神经系统有明显的差异。前者小脑神经元的髓磷脂(myelin)增加了。这是一种白色的、基于脂质的物质,能够发挥保护和绝缘的作用。在发现髓鞘形成(myelination)增加后,研究小组开始调查背后的分子机制。结果发现,跑步带来的大脑保护和寿命延长作用与神经生长因子VGF有关。VGF是肌肉和大脑在运动过程中释放的一种分子。它似乎具有抗抑郁作用,能使人在运动时感觉良好。通过将VGF蛋白引入到不运动的小鼠体内,可以起到与跑步类似的效果。

除了跑步延长寿命相关的研究,小编还注意到,最近Nature Communications杂志上发表一篇关于跑步能“传染”的论文(题目:Exercise contagion in a global social network)。研究证实,运动具有社会传染性。一个人的跑步习惯会影响其朋友的跑步习惯。

研究还发现,积极性低的跑步者会影响积极性高的跑步者,但积极的跑步者却不容易影响不积极的那一方。不过,数据也显示,共同朋友数量对跑步的持续有着相当大的调节作用。朋友圈重合度高的人往往会面临一定的社交压力,比如说跑着跑着不跑了会被大家开涮。这样的两个人会更容易彼此产生激励效果,保持陪跑活动的持续进行。

原始出处:

DC Lee,AG Brellenthin,PD Thompson,X Sui,et al.Running as a Key Lifestyle Medicine for Longevity.Progress in Cardiovascular Disease.2017

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2012225, encodeId=0ba2201222576, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 08:06:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1938669, encodeId=69881938669c4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c292818fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2818, encryptionId=1c292818fd, topicName=ASC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Wed Jul 26 14:06:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213273, encodeId=c2ae2132e3c6, content=可惜没有讲速度, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/fFgUJknhibCy1mxLxGwk0ndVfWXmBh8AOibSFDqsSgnoeicu2QjNDYn0g/0, createdBy=c24f1943525, createdName=覃医生, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 23:31:24 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207583, encodeId=2a5020e5835a, content=跑步亦有道,合理跑步,尤其是慢跑,近于快走的节奏。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLCxzIqGgHGpnv0v7a7MZQHVVjxvBfHWenpTPmFhDxa6vn3qno88vft2DRqYcyUBQFCRouANp2WgxQ/0, createdBy=b35a44222, createdName=kane35, createdTime=Wed Jun 07 07:40:31 CST 2017, time=2017-06-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1479849, encodeId=ff5f14e98492a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=456b4954350' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#延长寿命#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49543, encryptionId=456b4954350, topicName=延长寿命)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d9587588723, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Fri Apr 28 14:06:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1493903, encodeId=486e1493903f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=949e9304149' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#跑步#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93041, encryptionId=949e9304149, topicName=跑步)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=37959125862, createdName=yahu, createdTime=Fri Apr 28 14:06:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1601851, encodeId=515a160185196, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f801469e57' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PRO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14697, encryptionId=2f801469e57, topicName=PRO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a60b18898917, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Fri Apr 28 14:06:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-26 quxin068
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    2017-06-20 覃医生

    可惜没有讲速度

    0

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    2017-06-07 kane35

    跑步亦有道,合理跑步,尤其是慢跑,近于快走的节奏。

    0

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    2017-04-28 yahu
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    2017-04-28 sunylz

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