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开胸验肺将成历史 验血诊断弥漫性肺病

2014-12-18 赵敬菡 陈明雁 人民网-健康卫生频道

开胸活检?不用了!验血就可以诊断。近日,北京协和医院宣布,该院呼吸内科徐凯峰等针对肺泡蛋白沉积症(PAP)和淋巴管肌瘤病(LAM)这两种弥漫性肺疾病推出一种新的血液检验方式,该方法有望使PAP和LAM的确诊率高达90%以上,在安全、准确、快速及价廉方面凸显优势。 长期以来,弥漫性肺疾病缺乏简便可靠的血液诊断方法。PAP和LAM都属于呼吸系统中极为罕见的疾病,在过去,病理检查是唯一确诊方式,需要对

开胸活检?不用了!验血就可以诊断。近日,北京协和医院宣布,该院呼吸内科徐凯峰等针对肺泡蛋白沉积症(PAP)和淋巴管肌瘤病(LAM)这两种弥漫性肺疾病推出一种新的血液检验方式,该方法有望使PAP和LAM的确诊率高达90%以上,在安全、准确、快速及价廉方面凸显优势。

长期以来,弥漫性肺疾病缺乏简便可靠的血液诊断方法。PAP和LAM都属于呼吸系统中极为罕见的疾病,在过去,病理检查是唯一确诊方式,需要对患者采取创伤性的肺活检手段,如开胸取活检,或者支气管镜下肺活检。有创操作的高费用、高风险,令许多患者“望而却步”,技术难度也让很多医院“望洋兴叹”。近十年来,北京协和医院呼吸科徐凯峰教授所带领的课题组一直致力于研究找到更为方便、安全的检验方式。

课题组对31例特发性PAP患者、15例其他肺部疾病患者和25例健康人群进行对照研究,采用ELISA检测各血清标本中GM-CSF自身抗体(粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子自身抗体)的含量,发现GM-CSF自身抗体诊断特发性PAP的敏感性和特异性均接近100%。课题组自制GM-CSF自身抗体诊断试剂盒用于血液诊断,90%以上的PAP患者将不用支气管镜或开胸肺活检即可确诊,使传统的诊断流程发生了根本性改变。

课题组又将血清VEGF-D(血管内皮细胞生长因子-D)指标用于诊断LAM,发现该试剂的诊断敏感性和特异性达96%和100%。超过300多例次LAM或疑似LAM的患者证明了VEGF-D可以用于LAM的诊断。进一步数据分析显示,VEGF-D在血液中的水平与疾病严重度相关,这不仅极大地简化了诊断流程,还可以作为生物学标记,对疾病严重度进行动态监测。

徐凯峰教授团队的这项研究成果极大地简化了PAP和LAM的临床诊断流程,并且大幅降低了医疗费用,受到临床医师和患者的欢迎。这一研究成果已发表在《Respiratory Medicine(呼吸医学)》和《中华结核和呼吸杂志》上。目前,北京协和医院可接受其他单位送检标本,这种安全、易用、准确的检测方式有望推广至全国。

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    2015-10-04 amy0559
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    2015-01-13 223.104.5.**

    分子诊断技术进展

    0

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    2014-12-20 cathymary
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