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Neurology:口服抗凝和二磷酸腺苷抑制剂治疗对创伤性脑损伤短期疗效的影响

2022-08-21 Naomi MedSci原创

近日,研究发现,在创伤性脑损伤患者中,使用维生素K拮抗剂( VKAs )的患者死亡率显著增加,而使用 直接口服抗凝药(DOAC) 或 二磷酸腺苷抑制剂(ADPis) 的患者死亡率没有显著增加。

众所周知,口服抗凝血剂或二磷酸腺苷抑制剂会增加出血的风险。近日,一项发表在Neurology上的研究试图探讨 OAC 和 ADPI 治疗对创伤性脑损伤后短期结果的影响。

对2005-2018年期间芬兰所有因创伤性脑损伤住院的成年患者进行回顾性研究。采用芬兰社会保险协会的药丸计数方法分析脑外伤时药品购买的 OACs 和 ADPis 的使用情况。主要结果是30天病死率(芬兰死因登记处)。次要结果是急性神经外科手术(ANO)和入院时间(芬兰医疗保健注册)。基线特征通过多变量回归进行调整,包括年龄,性别,合并症,颅骨或面部骨折,OAC/ADPi 治疗,初始入院部位和 TBI 入院年份。

  • 研究人群包括57,056人(平均年龄66岁) ,其中0.9% 使用直接口服抗凝剂(DOAC) ,7.1% 维生素 K 拮抗剂(VKA)和2.3% ADPis。
  • VKAs 患者的病死率高于无 OAC 患者(15.4% 比7.1% ; adjHR 1.35,CI 1.23-1.48; p < 0.0001)。DOACs 的病死率(8.4%)低于 VKAs (adjHR 0.62,CI 0.44-0.87; p = 0.005) ,与无 OACs 的患者无差异(adjHR 0.93,CI 0.69-1.26; p = 0.634)。
  • 与非 OAC 患者相比,VKA 使用与更高的神经外科手术率相关(9.1% 比8.3% ; adjOR 1.33,CI 1.17-1.52; p < 0.0001)。
  • DOAC 与 VKA 手术率无显著性差异。在调整后的分析中,ADPi 与病死率或手术率无关。
  • 与非 OAC 组相比,VKAs 和 DOAC 组入院时间较长,而 ADPi 组入院时间较长。

创伤前使用 VKA 与短期死亡率增加和 TBI 后需要 ANO 有关。与 VKAs 相比,DOAC 在创伤性脑损伤后的死亡率更低。ADPis 与研究结果无独立关联。这些结果表明 DOACs 或 ADPis 在有头部创伤风险的患者中的相对安全性,并鼓励在需要口服抗凝药物时选择 DOACs。

这项研究提供了 II 类证据表明,在 TBI 患者中,使用 VKAs 的患者死亡率显著增加,而使用 DOAC 或 ADPis 的患者死亡率没有显著增加。

文献来源:

Posti JP, Ruuskanen JO, Sipilä JOT, Luoto TM, Rautava P, Kytö V. Effect of Oral Anticoagulation and Adenosine Diphosphate Inhibitor Therapies on Short-term Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 28]. Neurology. 2022;10.1212/WNL.0000000000200834. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200834

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    2022-09-10 yinhl1978
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    2023-06-11 jklm09
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    2022-09-02 amyloid
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【神麻人智】成人创伤性脑损伤患者的颅内压监测:挑战与创新

严重创伤性脑损伤的临床治疗的重心仍然是有创颅内压监测。过去5年发表的数据显示,颅内压监测可以为患者管理提供有用的信息。

【论肿道麻】创伤患者床旁目标导向的出血管理策略

本文为临床医生提供了关于创伤患者出血管理中POC测试应用的重要见解,特别是VETs在快速诊断和治疗中的潜在优势。同时,也提醒了医疗专业人员在使用POC血小板功能测试时需要谨慎,考虑到其当前证据基础的局

Radiology:低水平光疗法对中度创伤性脑损伤后静息状态连接的影响

据报道,在中度或重度TBI后3个月和6个月,甚至在损伤后数年,功能连通性都有所增加。这种增加的连通性主要是在默认模式网络内的后扣带皮层和内侧额叶皮层观察到的。

【今日分享】小儿中重度创伤性脑损伤

本文主要为儿童创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 治疗提供最佳证据水平建议。

山大仇吉川、刘宏、周文娟/港中文毛传斌《自然·通讯》:无线电刺激细胞贴片促进创伤性脑损伤修复

使用石墨烯纳米片作为无线电刺激贴片包裹神经干细胞,在变化的磁场驱动下,贴片原位产生电信号来刺激干细胞向神经元分化,实现创伤性脑损伤的有效治疗。

读书报告|肺复张操作在神经重症监护病房纠正肺不张的疗效分析——一项回顾性研究

肺复张是把双刃剑,关键在于度的把握,需要个体化实施,不同的患者可能对肺复张的反应程度不一样,评估每个患者的肺复张性可以优化机械通气,减少应用PEEP诱发的肺损伤。

2017 ACC专家共识:口服抗凝药患者出血管理的决策路径

美国心脏病学会(ACC,American College of Cardiology) · 2017-12-01

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