Baidu
map

ATS:纵隔淋巴结阴性的NSCLC可从同期寡转移灶切除中获益

2014-05-19 佚名 dxy

目前,肺癌已成为恶性肿瘤的头号杀手。据报道约30%-50%非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者术后发生转移,且大部分转移或复发患者通过单种治疗方法病情无法控制。 然而,迄今为止,NSCLC局部转移患者外科手术切除的疗效仍然存在争议。研究证实,部分经严格筛选的NSCLC患者可从同期切除单个转移灶中获益。鉴于IV期NSCLC患者未行手术治疗其中位生存期仅为3-4月。 为了明确患者的筛选标准、术后生存率以

目前,肺癌已成为恶性肿瘤的头号杀手。据报道约30%-50%非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者术后发生转移,且大部分转移或复发患者通过单种治疗方法病情无法控制。

然而,迄今为止,NSCLC局部转移患者外科手术切除的疗效仍然存在争议。研究证实,部分经严格筛选的NSCLC患者可从同期切除单个转移灶中获益。鉴于IV期NSCLC患者未行手术治疗其中位生存期仅为3-4月。

为了明确患者的筛选标准、术后生存率以及预测根治性切除后的疗效因素等,来自德国柏林Heckeshorn肺科医院胸外科Pfannschmidt教授等就根治性治疗同期NSCLC寡转移患者的经验进行总结,文章于2014年5月发表在ATS杂志上。

该回顾性研究纳入了1997年至2009年间同期NSCLC寡转移(如单个肺部或肺外转移灶)行根治性切除的患者,共99例,中位年龄62岁。腺癌(n=68),鳞癌(n=22),大细胞癌(n=6)和其他(n=3)。肺内转移(n=57),脑转移(n=21),肾上腺转移(n=10),骨转移(n=4),肝和横膈转移(n=2),纵隔或胸腺转移(n=2),胸膜转移1例。

总的五年生存率为38%。无纵隔淋巴结转移(pN0/pN1)患者中位生存期为50个月,与pN2/pN3转移患者(中位生存期是19月)相比存在明显差异;pN0患者与pN1-N3患者相比其中位生存期亦有显著差异(如图1)肺内和肺外转移患者的中位生存期分别为56月、18月,五年生存率分别为48.5%、23.6%,其差异有统计学意义。

单变量生存分析显示,年龄、性别、组织学类型、病理T分期以及同侧/对侧肺内转移和围手术期化疗,对预后均无显著意义;COX回归分析表明,N分期较高和肺外转移是预后差的两个独立危险因素。

该研究显示,经严格筛选的部分患者反复转移灶切除亦可能使患者获益。然而,本研究存在很多局限,如回顾性研究的本质,病例数较少,研究时间区间较长等。尽管如此,由于NSCLC寡转移灶切除临床数据匮乏,该成果将成为未来进一步研究的焦点。

总之,无纵隔淋巴结转移NSCLC患者同期寡转移灶切除术安全有效,且N分期和肺转移的部位是远期生存率的两个独立危险因素。


原始出处

Tönnies M1, Pfannschmidt J2, Bauer TT3, Kollmeier J3, Tönnies S1, Kaiser D1.Metastasectomy for Synchronous Solitary Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastases.Ann Thorac Surg. 2014 May 10

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068169, encodeId=90ec206816946, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 07 13:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756550, encodeId=b4eb1e565508c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=880d934525e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转移灶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93452, encryptionId=880d934525e, topicName=转移灶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb5637174268, createdName=ms6390871039024434, createdTime=Wed Dec 17 05:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709105, encodeId=0b2a1e091057a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd013896021' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#同期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38960, encryptionId=cd013896021, topicName=同期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8dd731593408, createdName=zywlvao, createdTime=Sun Jan 04 07:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2054072, encodeId=a92820540e2a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b00e6603262' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结阴性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66032, encryptionId=b00e6603262, topicName=淋巴结阴性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Fri Dec 26 21:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292948, encodeId=f65e12929484f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df626600877' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66008, encryptionId=df626600877, topicName=淋巴结)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6cc1239, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed May 21 07:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068169, encodeId=90ec206816946, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 07 13:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756550, encodeId=b4eb1e565508c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=880d934525e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转移灶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93452, encryptionId=880d934525e, topicName=转移灶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb5637174268, createdName=ms6390871039024434, createdTime=Wed Dec 17 05:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709105, encodeId=0b2a1e091057a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd013896021' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#同期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38960, encryptionId=cd013896021, topicName=同期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8dd731593408, createdName=zywlvao, createdTime=Sun Jan 04 07:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2054072, encodeId=a92820540e2a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b00e6603262' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结阴性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66032, encryptionId=b00e6603262, topicName=淋巴结阴性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Fri Dec 26 21:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292948, encodeId=f65e12929484f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df626600877' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66008, encryptionId=df626600877, topicName=淋巴结)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6cc1239, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed May 21 07:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068169, encodeId=90ec206816946, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 07 13:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756550, encodeId=b4eb1e565508c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=880d934525e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转移灶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93452, encryptionId=880d934525e, topicName=转移灶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb5637174268, createdName=ms6390871039024434, createdTime=Wed Dec 17 05:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709105, encodeId=0b2a1e091057a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd013896021' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#同期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38960, encryptionId=cd013896021, topicName=同期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8dd731593408, createdName=zywlvao, createdTime=Sun Jan 04 07:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2054072, encodeId=a92820540e2a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b00e6603262' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结阴性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66032, encryptionId=b00e6603262, topicName=淋巴结阴性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Fri Dec 26 21:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292948, encodeId=f65e12929484f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df626600877' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66008, encryptionId=df626600877, topicName=淋巴结)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6cc1239, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed May 21 07:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-04 zywlvao
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068169, encodeId=90ec206816946, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 07 13:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756550, encodeId=b4eb1e565508c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=880d934525e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转移灶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93452, encryptionId=880d934525e, topicName=转移灶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb5637174268, createdName=ms6390871039024434, createdTime=Wed Dec 17 05:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709105, encodeId=0b2a1e091057a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd013896021' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#同期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38960, encryptionId=cd013896021, topicName=同期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8dd731593408, createdName=zywlvao, createdTime=Sun Jan 04 07:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2054072, encodeId=a92820540e2a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b00e6603262' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结阴性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66032, encryptionId=b00e6603262, topicName=淋巴结阴性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Fri Dec 26 21:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292948, encodeId=f65e12929484f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df626600877' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66008, encryptionId=df626600877, topicName=淋巴结)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6cc1239, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed May 21 07:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068169, encodeId=90ec206816946, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e94b298327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ATS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2983, encryptionId=e94b298327, topicName=ATS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7532500500, createdName=12499e01m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Oct 07 13:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756550, encodeId=b4eb1e565508c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=880d934525e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转移灶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93452, encryptionId=880d934525e, topicName=转移灶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb5637174268, createdName=ms6390871039024434, createdTime=Wed Dec 17 05:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709105, encodeId=0b2a1e091057a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd013896021' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#同期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38960, encryptionId=cd013896021, topicName=同期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8dd731593408, createdName=zywlvao, createdTime=Sun Jan 04 07:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2054072, encodeId=a92820540e2a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b00e6603262' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结阴性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66032, encryptionId=b00e6603262, topicName=淋巴结阴性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Fri Dec 26 21:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292948, encodeId=f65e12929484f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df626600877' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#淋巴结#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66008, encryptionId=df626600877, topicName=淋巴结)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6cc1239, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed May 21 07:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-05-21 sodoo

相关资讯

Ann Surg Oncol:大部分淋巴结阴性乳腺癌可避免腋窝淋巴结摘除

腋窝淋巴结摘除患者的阳性淋巴结数目 除ACOSOG Z0011 试验的结论之外,还有哪些特征适合行保乳治疗 (BCT) 的患者尚未明确。美国Sloan-Kettering纪念癌症中心的Morrow博士等研究者前瞻性地评估了在符合 Z0011 试验入组标准的未经选择的连续患者队列中,有哪些可避免腋窝淋巴结摘除手术 (ALND) ,以及如何在术前甄别适合ALND手术的患者亚组。论文发表于Ann Su

Ann Surg:淋巴结状态为早期食管腺癌患者食管切除治疗后生存与复发**预后因素

研究要点:1.本研究旨在确定接受食管切除治疗的早期食管腺癌患者相关预后风险因素;2.N+病情与肿瘤浸润深度增加、淋巴血管浸润、肿瘤分化情况及血管浸润间存在显著关联;3.淋巴结状态为生存率与复发率相关唯一独立风险因素;肿瘤浸润深度与淋巴结转移率有关,但深层黏膜与黏膜下层浸润间并无明确的界值。尽管内窥镜食管切除(ER)已成为一种更普遍接受的针对限于黏膜的早期食管腺癌(eACE)治疗手段,但根据相关报告

Ann Thorac Surg:胸腺癌术中淋巴结清扫可使患者获益

对于肿瘤患者而言,淋巴结清扫在其手术中起着重要的作用。然而淋巴结清扫在胸腺癌中的作用方面数据仍比较缺乏。针对这种情况,来自韩国首尔国立大学医院的首尔国立大学医院In Kyu Park教授等人进行了一项研究,研究结果在线发表于2013年7月24日的《胸外科年鉴》(Annals of Surgical)杂志上。作者发现广泛的淋巴节清扫,10个以上淋巴结,才能准确地预测患者的预后。同时,前纵隔及右气管旁

Lancet:1–3 个阳性淋巴结患者的乳房切除术后放疗减少复发和乳腺癌死亡率

既往的荟萃分析显示,在合并考虑所有患有淋巴结阳性疾病的女性患者时,乳房切除术后放疗可减少复发和乳腺癌死亡风险。 但是,在仅有一到三个阳性淋巴结的女性中其效果尚不确定。 我们的目的是:评估在这些女性中,乳房切除术和腋窝淋巴结清扫术后放疗的效果。方法在 1964—86 年间,有 22 项试验将乳房切除术和腋窝手术后进行胸壁和局部淋巴结放疗与在同样的手术后无放疗进行了对比。我们对在这些试验中随机分入治疗

Chest:淋巴结受累范围或可预测非小细胞肺癌患者的预后

研究要点: 1)该研究评估淋巴结受累范围和其他预后因素在预测中国Ⅱ-N1期非小细胞肺癌患者确定性手术后结局中的意义; 2)发现肿瘤体积和淋巴结受累范围是整体生存期和无病生存期的重要预测因子。 在2009年发布的第7版国际抗癌联盟和美国癌症联合委员会癌症分期手册中,非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)分期系统对当前的NSCLC淋巴结转移描述没有做任何修改。然而,NSC

Ann Thorac Surg:高手术风险NSCLC接受肺段切除有助于淋巴结分期和边缘切除

早期肺癌和肺储备功能有限的患者可能不是肺叶切除术的合适人选。在这种情况下,一般进行亚肺叶切除(楔形或肺段切除)。许多医生认为肺段切除具有优越性,因为它可以改善切缘和淋巴结取样。但在这方面数据仍比较缺乏。针对这种情况,来自波士顿的贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心外科部的MichaelKent博士等人进行了一项研究,研究结果在线发表于2013年8月30日的《胸外科年鉴》(AnnThoracSurg)杂志上。作

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map