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Eur Heart J:解读百岁老人的遗传“密码” ,寻找潜在的心血管疾病新疗法

2019-07-21 茹贝 生物探索

在过去的研究中,国际癌症研究中心神经医学中心、国际癌症研究中心多学科中心以及萨莱诺医学院组成的研究小组发现了编码BPIFB4蛋白的变异基因,即所谓的LAV-BPIFB4(长寿相关变异基因),这种基因在长寿人群(超过100岁)中普遍存在。近些年多项研究更加明确了这一理论,即长寿老人之所以更长寿,可能正是由于他们的“基因天赋”。

在过去的研究中,国际癌症研究中心神经医学中心、国际癌症研究中心多学科中心以及萨莱诺医学院组成的研究小组发现了编码BPIFB4蛋白的变异基因,即所谓的LAV-BPIFB4(长寿相关变异基因),这种基因在长寿人群(超过100岁)中普遍存在。近些年多项研究更加明确了这一理论,即长寿老人之所以更长寿,可能正是由于他们的“基因天赋”。

最近由同一研究小组发表在《欧洲心脏杂志》上的一项意大利的研究探讨了该基因对人体的作用机制和作用靶点。在该项研究中,研究人员通过病毒载体将LAV-BPIFB4基因插入容易发生动脉粥样硬化的动物模型的DNA中,以期探讨该基因对动脉粥样硬化的影响。

研究人员表示,在不远的将来,对缺乏这种“基因天赋”的人来说,是有可能复制这种“基因天赋”的。这意味着一种创新的治疗模式开始慢慢出现,旨在通过真正的血管再生来预防和对抗心血管疾病。

众所周知,动脉粥样硬化是一种受遗传和环境因素影响的多因素的缓慢发展的病理变化,它所导致的斑块进展和潜在的炎症底物使得心血管疾病更加容易发生。因此如何逆转动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成以及消除潜在的炎症底物成为问题的关键。

根据既往的实验研究推测,LAV-BPIFB4的转移可能是干扰血管粥样硬化免疫炎症特征的一种可行手段。为了验证这一新的假设,试验者对喂食高脂肪食物的ApoE(一种同时存在于血清和中枢神经系统的脂相关蛋白,主要在肝脏和脑组织合成)基因敲除小鼠进行了LAV-BPIFB4基因治疗,并评估了对内皮功能障碍和动脉粥样硬化疾病进展的影响,重点研究了CXCR4(一种在动脉粥样硬化病灶中高表达的趋化因子SDF-l的特异性受体)依赖的单核细胞极化作为可能的中介机制。

此外,为了评估BPIFB4在人体中的可能转化形式,研究人员检测了两组独立患者的血浆蛋白水平与颈动脉狭窄或内膜中层厚度(IMT)之间的相关性。实验中观察到内皮(血管内表面)功能的改善,动脉粥样硬化斑块的减少和炎症状态的减少。本研究的新发现强调了LAV-BPIFB4在改善动脉粥样硬化血管和提高免疫特性方面的潜力。萨莱诺大学和I.R.C.C.MultiMedica研究小组的协调员安妮贝尔•普卡(Annibale Puca)表示,该项研究结果是非常可喜的。



LAV-BPIFB4对动脉粥样硬化过程的发生和发展具有保护作用

换句话说,动物模型中的“长寿基因”已经导致心血管系统的真正复苏。在实验室中也取得了同样的积极效果,这次不是通过插入基因,而是通过将LAV-BPIFB4蛋白运送到人类血管中。

在这些实验数据的基础上,研究人员还对患者群体进行了进一步的研究,并发现其血液中BPIFB4蛋白水平越高,血管越健康。同时,LAV基因变异携带者的蛋白质水平也较高。

“萨莱诺大学的医学院院长,萨莱诺大学附属医院心脏病科主任和I.R.C.C.S.Neuromed血管生理病理学实验室主管评论道:“这项研究铺平了以LAV-BPIFB4蛋白为基础的治疗方案实现的可能性。当然,未来我们还需要更多的研究,但我们认为,通过给病人服用这种蛋白质,减缓因年龄增长而造成的心血管损伤是有可能的。换句话说,即使一个人没有这些特殊的基因特征,我们也能提供同样程度的保护。”

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    2019-10-26 1235d9a8m36(暂无昵称)

    学习了

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    2019-07-23 zhaojie88
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    2019-07-23 kcb074
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    2019-07-23 slcumt
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    2019-07-21 医者仁心5538

    学习了

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