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共识易览:流感如何合理用药?

2016-04-18 指南君 中华内科杂志

流行性感冒(简称流感)是由流行性感冒病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,由于流感病毒(主要是甲型流感病毒)的易变性和不可预知性,常常造成流感的暴发流行,甚至造成全球范围的大流行。 鉴于流感病毒类型的变迁及新药物的上市,中国医师协会呼吸医师分会组织相关专家结合我国流感流行病毒株类型和耐药情况共同编写了"合理应用抗流行性感冒病毒药物治疗流行性感冒专家共识(2016年)",用于指导我国流感患者抗流感病

流行性感冒(简称流感)是由流行性感冒病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,由于流感病毒(主要是甲型流感病毒)的易变性和不可预知性,常常造成流感的暴发流行,甚至造成全球范围的大流行。

鉴于流感病毒类型的变迁及新药物的上市,中国医师协会呼吸医师分会组织相关专家结合我国流感流行病毒株类型和耐药情况共同编写了"合理应用抗流行性感冒病毒药物治疗流行性感冒专家共识(2016年)",用于指导我国流感患者抗流感病毒药物的使用,以下为共识要点。

共识要点:

1.目前分离到的流感病毒主要为甲型H3N2和乙型流感病毒,以及少量的甲型H1N1(2009),这些流感病毒对NAI仍保持较高的敏感率,对金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺100%耐药。针对当前的流感病毒流行情况,建议选用NAI抗病毒治疗。

2.疑似或确诊的重症流感患者应尽早(起病48 h内)进行抗病毒治疗,不必等待病毒检测结果,超过48 h的重症流感患者依然能够从抗病毒治疗中获益。

3.疑似或确诊的轻症流感患者如合并重症流感危险因素应尽早(起病48 h内)进行抗病毒治疗,不必等待病毒检测结果,发病时间超过48 h,症状无改善或呈恶化倾向时也应进行抗流感病毒治疗。

4.疑似或确诊的轻症流感患者未合并重症流感高危因素,发病时间不足48 h,为缩短病程、减少并发症也可以抗病毒治疗,发病时间超过48 h,症状无改善或持续恶化,流感病毒检测阳性时也应考虑抗病毒治疗。

5.重症流感患者无法经胃肠给药或胃肠功能减弱时建议使用帕拉米韦。

6.NAI在孕妇中应用的安全性资料有限,但现有研究尚未发现严重的不良反应,鉴于流感有可能对孕妇和胎儿造成严重后果,应尽早使用NAI进行抗病毒治疗。

7.儿童流感患者容易出现并发症,建议尽早使用NAI进行抗病毒治疗。

以上内容为指南君学习笔记,整理自《合理应用抗流行性感冒病毒药物治疗流行性感冒专家共识(2016年)》,中华内科杂志.2016,55(3):244-248.

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    2016-04-27 1deb5047m95(暂无匿称)

    学习了,有用

    0

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    2016-04-19 李继凯

    不错的文章

    0

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    2016-04-19 李继凯

    值得学习

    0

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    2016-04-18 dhzzm

    学习了,很好

    0

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    2016-04-18 hewenda

    这个知识值得拥有

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