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PNAS:正常化诱导的血管灌注增高使胶质母细胞瘤患者获益

2013-11-07 何嫱 生物通

先进的成像技术或许能够区分哪些患者的肿瘤将会对抗血管生成药物有反应,而哪些则不会。来自麻省总医院(MGH)的研究人员报告称,在新近诊断为罹患危险脑癌胶质母细胞瘤的患者中,那些采用抗血管生成药物cediranib治疗肿瘤周围的异常血管快速“正常化”,肿瘤内血流量增加的患者,相比于cediranib治疗无法提高血流量的患者存活期显著增长。这些研究结果发表在《美国科学院院刊》(PNAS)杂志上。 新研

先进的成像技术或许能够区分哪些患者的肿瘤将会对抗血管生成药物有反应,而哪些则不会。来自麻省总医院(MGH)的研究人员报告称,在新近诊断为罹患危险脑癌胶质母细胞瘤的患者中,那些采用抗血管生成药物cediranib治疗肿瘤周围的异常血管快速“正常化”,肿瘤内血流量增加的患者,相比于cediranib治疗无法提高血流量的患者存活期显著增长。这些研究结果发表在《美国科学院院刊》(PNAS)杂志上。【原文下载】


新研究的共同领导者和通讯作者、MGH癌症中心Pappas神经肿瘤学中心主任Tracy Batchelor 说:“近期针对另一种抗血管生成药物贝伐单抗(bevacizumab)的两项III试验显示胶质母细胞瘤患者的总体生存率并没有改善,而我们的研究表明在这些患者中只有一小群将真正从这些药物中受益。我们的研究结果还证实了,肿瘤血管正常化似乎是抗血管生成药物提高化疗和放疗活性的一种途径。”

抗血管生成药物是通过阻断刺激血管生成因子的功能来发挥作用,它最初被引入癌症治疗是基于这一理论:可以让肿瘤丧失它们的血供。然而,新证据表明这些药物是通过使通常围绕及穿透肿瘤的异常、渗漏血管“正常化”,促进化疗药物以及有效放疗所需的氧气传送而带来益处的。新研究的资深作者、MGH放射肿瘤科Steele肿瘤生物学实验室主任Rakesh Jain首先提出并随后发展了这一假说。

2007年Batchelor领导的一项临床研究发现了证据,证实cediranib(还未获得FDA批准)能够在复发性胶质母细胞瘤中让肿瘤血管暂时正常化,但并不清楚这种正常化有可能对患者生存造成的影响。在过去几年里,由Batchelor、Jain和当前论文其他共同作者领导的几个研究小组报告称,证实单独采用cediranib可提高一个患者亚群复发性胶质母细胞瘤内的血液灌注,改善他们的生存。发表在今年早些时候《自然医学》(Nature Medicine)杂志上的一项研究,利用了MGH Martinos生物医学成像中心开发的一种称作为血管构架成像(vessel architectural imaging,VAI)的新技术,揭示了cediranib改善了某些复发性胶质母细胞瘤患者肿瘤中的氧输送。

当前研究中的患者是一项新近确诊胶质母细胞瘤手术后cediranib加放疗和化疗临床试验的参与者。在试验的参与者中,40人采用VAI和其他MR成像技术进行了先进的脑成像。尽管在整个试验中除一人之外,所有参与者都显示出一些血管正常化和水肿减小的迹象,然而在40个接受成像研究的个体中,只有20人血管灌注得到持续改善。VAI还揭示只有灌注改善的患者氧传送提高。这些患者最终存活了大约26个月,比那些灌注水平维持稳定或恶化的患者多活了9个月。采用放疗和化疗治疗的胶质母细胞瘤患者对照组仅生产了平均14个月。

Batchelor 说:“极有可能我们用cediranib获得的这些研究结果,也将适用于其他的抗血管生成药物。事实上,在近期召开的一次会议上的简报表明,贝伐单抗治疗、灌注获得改善的患者存活更久一些。尽管还需要开展更多的研究,这些研究结果表明了MR成像技术有可能在未来胶质母细胞瘤的抗血管生成药物研究中发挥重要作用。我们得到了国家癌症研究所的资金资助,研究用这种方法进行贝伐单抗治疗,我们也正在Martinos MR/PET设备中心利用组合的MR/PET技术来检测化疗肿瘤传送和氧状态。”

Jain补充说:“我们于2001年最初引入抗血管生成治疗正常化假说,但用了十年来证实血管正常化实际上增加了肿瘤灌注,正是灌注增多而非肿瘤饥饿提高了生存。这项研究提供了令人信服的证据,表明正常化诱导的血管灌注增高是胶质母细胞瘤患者受益的机制。”

原文出处:

Batchelor TT, Gerstner ER, Emblem KE, Duda DG, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Snuderl M, Ancukiewicz M, Polaskova P, Pinho MC, Jennings D, Plotkin SR, Chi AS, Eichler AF, Dietrich J, Hochberg FH, Lu-Emerson C, Iafrate AJ, Ivy SP, Rosen BR, Loeffler JS, Wen PY, Sorensen AG, Jain RK.Improved tumor oxygenation and survival in glioblastoma patients who show increased blood perfusion after cediranib and chemoradiation.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 4.【原文下载】


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    2014-09-10 drwjr
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    2013-11-09 liuxiaona
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    2013-11-09 liuxiaona

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