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Science:科学家发现负责记忆保存的关键基因

2015-10-10 佚名 生物谷

近日,刊登在国际杂志Science上的一项研究报告中,来自首尔大学等处的科学家在影响小鼠记忆保存的的大脑海马体中发现了三种类型的抑制性调节子,该研究阐明了负向基因调控在大脑记忆和学习中的重要性。一直以来,科学家们就知道,某些基因的表达和翻译都会参与记忆的形成,然而他们却并不知道具体是哪一个基因,这项研究中研究者通过对小鼠记忆形成过程进行研究又将范围缩小了一步。为了更好地阐明特殊基因如何参与记忆的形

近日,刊登在国际杂志Science上的一项研究报告中,来自首尔大学等处的科学家在影响小鼠记忆保存的的大脑海马体中发现了三种类型的抑制性调节子,该研究阐明了负向基因调控在大脑记忆和学习中的重要性。

一直以来,科学家们就知道,某些基因的表达和翻译都会参与记忆的形成,然而他们却并不知道具体是哪一个基因,这项研究中研究者通过对小鼠记忆形成过程进行研究又将范围缩小了一步。

为了更好地阐明特殊基因如何参与记忆的形成过程,研究人员对一些小鼠进行训练,通过给予电休克让这些小鼠被关进笼子的时候产生恐惧感,随后在5分钟、10分钟、半个小时及4个小时不同时间段后研究者对小鼠进行处死,并且进行小鼠海马体中的RNA测序及核糖体分析,海马体在大脑中记忆保存中扮演着重要角色。

随后研究者从对照组中发现了104种基因,每一种基因都具有翻译或转录上的差异,进一步分析研究者又发现了三种类型的抑制性调节子,其中第一种调节子主要对核糖体蛋白编码基因进行抑制,第二种调节子对特殊基因进行早期的翻译阻抑,第三种调节子通过在基因亚群后发生的一种雌激素受体1(ESR1/ERα)信号通路来进行长期的抑制作用。

研究者表示,引发基因过表达导致记忆保存减少或许会驱动ESR1的激活,而对后者进行研究则发现,ESR1在大脑的基因调节系统中扮演者必要的角色。本项研究表明,参与记忆保存的基因的一个重要的功能就是进行抑制作用,即抑制过多的信息被储存,而海马体中的特殊基因也在过滤围绕记忆事件的信息中发挥着重要作用,这样一来大脑中将不会充满过多不必要的数据信息。

原始出处:

Jun Cho et al.Multiple repressive mechanisms in the hippocampus during memory formation.Science.Oct 2, 2015, 350(6256):82-87.DOI: 10.1126/science.aac7368

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    2015-10-12 jichang
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    2015-10-11 hlycom3356

    感谢作者分享

    0

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    2015-10-10 lovetcm

    不靠谱!

    0

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    2015-10-10 lovetcm

    不靠谱!

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