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强直性脊柱炎患者需要警惕的致残杀手:髋关节受累

2018-05-26 佚名 风湿康复

强直性脊柱炎常常被简称为"强直"、“强柱”或“强脊”,英文缩写为AS,有很多患者朋友自嘲为“小强”。该病主要发生于青壮年男性。以脊柱为主要病变的AS患者,对于日常生活的影响相对较小,然而,有一种类型的强直性脊柱炎,需要特别警惕,就是髋关节受累的AS,因为髋关节一旦受累,很有可能急速发展并导致残疾,追悔莫及!

强直性脊柱炎常常被简称为"强直"、“强柱”或“强脊”,英文缩写为AS,有很多患者朋友自嘲为“小强”。该病主要发生于青壮年男性。以脊柱为主要病变的AS患者,对于日常生活的影响相对较小,然而,有一种类型的强直性脊柱炎,需要特别警惕,就是髋关节受累的AS,因为髋关节一旦受累,很有可能急速发展并导致残疾,追悔莫及!

什么是髋关节?为什么这么重要?

髋关节俗称胯关节,作为人体最重要的关节,它能帮助人们站立,并实现屈伸、收展、旋转及环转。髋关节又是人体最大的承重关节,在各类动作中发挥着不可替换的作用,正因如此,它也极易受到外伤和疾病的侵袭。一旦髋关节功能丧失就会导致残疾,只能借助轮椅等辅助工具行动。所以在强直性脊柱炎患者中发现有髋关节受累,需要尽早抢救性治疗,以免致残!

为什么强直容易髋关节受累?

强直性脊柱炎属于风湿病范畴,是一种自身免疫性疾病。主要累及到主要中轴骨,外周关节和眼、皮肤、胃肠道等关节外结构。多数人对这一疾病比较生疏,由于缺乏基本的了解,可能会错过最佳治疗时机。实际上,从该病的名称可知,它是一种以脊柱为主要病变的慢性病,但同时也会累及髋关节,并造成不同程度眼、肺、肌肉的病变。该病严重侵害髋关节后,会使髋关节像铁板一样僵死,病人的活动会受限,终极生活无法自理。

如何知道髋关节是否受累了?

髋关节病变在早期的症状并不明显,多数人在胯部出现疼痛或酸胀时,也不十分重视,早期的腱端炎和滑膜炎往往得不到及时治疗,当出现明显的髋关节疼痛甚至活动受限时,髋关节软骨已经出现摧毁,关节间隙已渐狭小。强直性脊柱炎患者如果下蹲困难或者下蹲时候疼痛,很大可能是有髋关节受累,应该积极就医,采用生物制剂等积极治疗手段。

如何治疗?

据Gram和Husby 1992年报道治疗AS的药物可分为三类:①控制病情活动,影响病程进展的药物如柳氮磺胺吡啶,甲氨蝶呤,现在最新的还有疗效显着的“生物制剂”(如类克,益赛普等)。适用于病情活动的AS,伴外周关节炎的AS和新近发现的AS。②非甾体抗炎药 适用于夜间严重疼痛及僵硬病人,可在睡前服用。③镇痛药与肌松药如镇痛新、强痛啶肌舒平,常用于长期应用非甾体类抗炎药无效者。

髋关节受累的强直性脊柱炎是AS中的严重影响患者预后的一个类型,如果不及时积极治疗,会导致残疾。所以在髋关节受累的强直患者治疗中,有专家提出了要进行抢救性治疗。尤其首选起效快速的生物制剂(英夫利昔单抗单抗等)进行治疗,让患者避免残疾!

可以手术治疗吗?

严重脊柱驼背畸形待病情稳定后可作矫正手术,腰椎畸形者可行脊椎截骨术矫正驼背;戏颈7胸1截骨术可矫正颈椎严重畸形。Rowed报道21例AS病人因堕落使颈椎损伤,半数经保守治疗预后良好;另一半因颈椎复发性移位或脊椎压迫神经使症状恶化而行减压术和内固定术,亦获得良好效果。髋关节严重受累的,可行全髋关节转换术或髋关节成形术,但一般置换的髋关节在10-15年后需要再次置换。

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    2022-07-27 屋顶瞄爱赏月

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    2019-04-24 zywlvao
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