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JAMA Netw Open:离大麻零售供应越近,孕妇使用大麻的几率越高!

2021-03-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

大麻,在医疗合法化的国家被视为医疗用药,而近期,联合国麻醉品委员会批准世界卫生组织的一项提案,不再将大麻和大麻树脂列为有害物质,这也就意味着其在医疗和休闲娱乐使用方面合法化。众所周知,产前使用大麻与围

大麻,在医疗合法化的国家被视为医疗用药,而近期,联合国麻醉品委员会批准世界卫生组织的一项提案,不再将大麻和大麻树脂列为有害物质,这也就意味着其在医疗和休闲娱乐使用方面合法化。众所周知,产前使用大麻与围产期的不良后果有关,然而随着合法化的扩大,产前使用大麻几率显著增加。

虽然,已知大麻的零售供应与成人使用大麻有关,但并不清楚居住在离大麻零售商较近的地方或大麻零售商密度较大的社区是否与产前使用大麻有关。近日,发表在JAMA Netw Open杂志的一项研究,评估了2018年加州娱乐性大麻销售的第一年间,由北加州凯撒医疗机构(KPNC)医疗系统所服务的孕妇使用大麻与娱乐性大麻零售商之间的关联。

在这项横断面研究中,研究人员对来自KPNC400万孕妇提供服务,并通过产前检查时进行自我报告和尿液毒理学检测,对孕妇进行产前大麻筛查。在2018年,KPNC39278名妇女已怀孕并于2018年接受自我报告的产前大麻使用筛查(妊娠约8周),最终纳入35195名妇女。

结果显示,在35195名妇女中(平均年龄,30.9岁),有12711名(36.1%)非西班牙裔白人妇女,9472名(26.9%)亚洲或太平洋岛民妇女、9329名(26.5%)西班牙裔妇女和2185名(6.2%)黑人妇女。2839名(8.1%)妇女自我报告或毒理学检测结果为产前使用大麻,而且使用大麻的妇女更年轻,更有可能是黑人,不太可能是亚裔或太平洋岛民。208家合格的大麻零售商,妇女到最近的零售商的平均车程时间为16分钟。在离家15分钟的车程内,平均有4家零售商。

驾车时间与大麻使用率有关(每增加5分钟驾车时间的aOR0.96[95% CI0.95-0.98]P <.001≥20分钟驾车与<5分钟驾车的aOR0.78[95% CI0.69-0.88]P <.001)。同样,15分钟车程内到达大麻零售商的妇女,使用大麻的几率显著增加(每增加一个零售商的aOR1. 02 [95% CI1.01-1.02]P < .0011-2个零售商的aOR1.16 [95% CI1.02-1.32]P = .023-5个零售商的aOR1.20 [95% CI1.06-1.35]P = .004≥6个零售商的aOR1.29 [95% CI1.17-1.42]P < .001)

总之,加州娱乐性大麻合法化后,大麻可及性的增加导致孕妇使用大麻的几率增加。然而,改研究有一些局限性。比如研究样本主要限于怀孕初期接受筛查的妇女,无法评估整个怀孕期间的大麻使用情,再者零售商可能更容易在更容易接受大麻的社区中开业等。未来仍需要进行研究来确定该关联程度。

原始出处

Kelly C. Young-Wolff, PhD, MPH1Sara R. Adams, MPH1Alisa Padon, PhD2et al.Association of Cannabis Retailer Proximity and Density With Cannabis Use Among Pregnant Women in Northern California After Legalization of Cannabis for Recreational Use.JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3):e210694. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0694

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    2021-12-09 canlab
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1734331, encodeId=8a671e3433138, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4f412668a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12668, encryptionId=d4f412668a4, topicName=NET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7ea033781210, createdName=canlab, createdTime=Thu Dec 09 11:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1728859, encodeId=e8ed1e2885990, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f06c33759375, createdName=feather89, createdTime=Fri Nov 19 03:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1272774, encodeId=8a8212e2774c3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d04f440581e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大麻#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44058, encryptionId=d04f440581e, topicName=大麻)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 07:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036495, encodeId=e6e8103649595, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Fri Mar 05 19:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-19 feather89
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    2021-03-07 kcb069
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1734331, encodeId=8a671e3433138, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4f412668a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12668, encryptionId=d4f412668a4, topicName=NET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7ea033781210, createdName=canlab, createdTime=Thu Dec 09 11:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1728859, encodeId=e8ed1e2885990, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f06c33759375, createdName=feather89, createdTime=Fri Nov 19 03:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1272774, encodeId=8a8212e2774c3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d04f440581e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大麻#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44058, encryptionId=d04f440581e, topicName=大麻)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 07:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036495, encodeId=e6e8103649595, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Fri Mar 05 19:19:44 CST 2021, time=2021-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-05 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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