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AAAS 2014 :家庭收入差距影响儿童语言能力

2014-02-17 佚名 生物谷

你的宝宝不会回答类似“今天你过得怎么样?”或“等你长大了,你想做什么?”等这样的问题。这是因为在婴儿成长到蹒跚学步的年龄前,他们没有遣词造句的能力,但这并不意味着其不会从早期与父母的交谈中受益。 美国斯坦福大学的Anne Fernald认为,社会经济地位(SES)较高家庭的孩子,在学校表现更好,在未来拥有更成功的事业。SES高的父母,通常会用参与性强、互动性高的诱导性方式和孩子交流,这样家庭培

你的宝宝不会回答类似“今天你过得怎么样?”或“等你长大了,你想做什么?”等这样的问题。这是因为在婴儿成长到蹒跚学步的年龄前,他们没有遣词造句的能力,但这并不意味着其不会从早期与父母的交谈中受益。



美国斯坦福大学的Anne Fernald认为,社会经济地位(SES)较高家庭的孩子,在学校表现更好,在未来拥有更成功的事业。SES高的父母,通常会用参与性强、互动性高的诱导性方式和孩子交流,这样家庭培育出的孩子文字处理能力较强。这种文字处理速度,不仅和词汇和语言技能直接相关,还受记忆和语言认知能力的影响。

在一项新研究中,Fernald和同事对婴儿和其父母的交流进行了全天候记录。研究人员给出相关提示,利用视网膜追踪技术测试孩子需要多长时间联想出相对应的图像(诸如狗或果汁)。他们发现,不同SES家庭的孩子的文字处理速度有很大差别。以2岁婴儿为例,高SES家庭孩子的文字处理能力比低SES家庭的孩子要早发育6个月。再以3岁孩子为例,文字处理能力的差别成为预测孩子日后在校内外表现的一项重要指标。研究团队将该结果报告在近日召开的美国科学促进会(AAAS)年会上。Fernald希望该研究有助于科学家研发出相应干预措施,从而缩小因家庭收入差距而导致的儿童语言能力差距。

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    2015-01-07 ay2000fy
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    2014-02-19 yangjxjc
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