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Lancet:全球心血管疾病防治药物的可用性和费用如何?

2015-10-22 大鹏 译 医学论坛网

根据《柳叶刀》(The Lancet)杂志最新发表的PURE研究成果,心脏病相关重要仿制药(generic medicine)的全球形式依然严峻——在中低收入国家,心脏病治疗药物资源匮乏,而即使部分有可用心脏病药物资源的国家,其价格过高;在高收入国家,心脏病治疗药物资源情况尚可,但35%至50%的心脏病或卒中患者无法接受此类药物治疗。 研究者指出,如何提供心脏病药物治疗和组织医疗预防保健

根据《柳叶刀》(The Lancet)杂志最新发表的PURE研究成果,心脏病相关重要仿制药(generic medicine)的全球形式依然严峻——在中低收入国家,心脏病治疗药物资源匮乏,而即使部分有可用心脏病药物资源的国家,其价格过高;在高收入国家,心脏病治疗药物资源情况尚可,但35%至50%的心脏病或卒中患者无法接受此类药物治疗。

研究者指出,如何提供心脏病药物治疗和组织医疗预防保健护理,这两个问题需要根本性的变革方能解决。例如,在发展中国家推广免费心脏病仿制药,在所有国家推动非医师医疗工作者来源的心脏病药物治疗,以提高心脏病仿制药使用率。

针对心血管疾病的全球防治,世界卫生组织(WHO)提出的建议是,到2025年在80%的社区及50%的适用人群普及药物治疗(包括β受体阻滞剂、ACEI类药物、阿司匹林及他汀)以控制疾病复发率。

PURE研究团队曾报道全球心血管药物治疗情况不理想,此次他们进一步定量分析了情况恶化程度。他们汇总了18个国家的医疗数据,分析了2003年至2013年18国的568社区心血管药物治疗的可用性及费用水平。若社区药房有心血管疾病相关药物,即被认为可用性良好;若药物综合价格低于受访人群收入的20%,即被认为费用水平良好。

结果显示,在高收入国家,WHO推广的4类心脏病药物治疗普及比例较好,城市地区95%,农村地区90%;上游中等收入国家的比例为城市地区80%,农村地区73%;下游中等收入国家的比例为城市地区62%,农村地区37%;低收入国家(不含印度)的比例仅为城市地区25%,农村地区3%。特别要提的是印度,其比例达到了城市地区89%,农村地区81%。

在心脏病药物治疗费用方面,高收入国家无法负担治疗的比例不到1%,而在上游中等收入国家、下游中等收入国家及低收入国家的比例分别为25%、33%及60%。印度为59%。

研究者指出,心脏病药物治疗的可用性及费用会直接影响地区心血管疾病防治效果,因此建议各地政府进一步推广普及心脏病药物治疗,尤其是中低收入地区,解决药物可用性及费用问题或显著改善患者总体预后。在这一点上,艾滋病防治的成功案例或成为各地推广心脏病仿制药治疗的范本。

原始出处:

Rasha Khatib, PhD, Prof Martin McKee,et al.Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data.lancet.2015

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828263, encodeId=beee182826329, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Jun 28 02:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=41130, encodeId=45424113059, content=给, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150904/IMG55E8DB68F05883098.jpg, createdBy=e00a1631985, createdName=fengzhigu, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 17:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1497921, encodeId=2179149e92108, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Sat Oct 24 00:24:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40467, encodeId=0cb44046ed0, content=数据很详细,但没什么大用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJXCR8W80NNgQuicJU3aIm3JtiaNAFLYSMlBuVfGkSlw5Z5VpmZK4PyiaDURLAorhvwhWVnaM1gQdJXA/132, createdBy=a01444383, createdName=lixh1719, createdTime=Fri Oct 23 15:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40250, encodeId=a31340250ac, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Thu Oct 22 12:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-10-25 fengzhigu

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828263, encodeId=beee182826329, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Jun 28 02:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=41130, encodeId=45424113059, content=给, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150904/IMG55E8DB68F05883098.jpg, createdBy=e00a1631985, createdName=fengzhigu, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 17:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1497921, encodeId=2179149e92108, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Sat Oct 24 00:24:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40467, encodeId=0cb44046ed0, content=数据很详细,但没什么大用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJXCR8W80NNgQuicJU3aIm3JtiaNAFLYSMlBuVfGkSlw5Z5VpmZK4PyiaDURLAorhvwhWVnaM1gQdJXA/132, createdBy=a01444383, createdName=lixh1719, createdTime=Fri Oct 23 15:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40250, encodeId=a31340250ac, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Thu Oct 22 12:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828263, encodeId=beee182826329, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Jun 28 02:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=41130, encodeId=45424113059, content=给, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150904/IMG55E8DB68F05883098.jpg, createdBy=e00a1631985, createdName=fengzhigu, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 17:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1497921, encodeId=2179149e92108, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Sat Oct 24 00:24:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40467, encodeId=0cb44046ed0, content=数据很详细,但没什么大用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJXCR8W80NNgQuicJU3aIm3JtiaNAFLYSMlBuVfGkSlw5Z5VpmZK4PyiaDURLAorhvwhWVnaM1gQdJXA/132, createdBy=a01444383, createdName=lixh1719, createdTime=Fri Oct 23 15:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40250, encodeId=a31340250ac, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Thu Oct 22 12:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-10-23 lixh1719

    数据很详细,但没什么大用

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828263, encodeId=beee182826329, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Jun 28 02:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=41130, encodeId=45424113059, content=给, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150904/IMG55E8DB68F05883098.jpg, createdBy=e00a1631985, createdName=fengzhigu, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 17:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1497921, encodeId=2179149e92108, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Sat Oct 24 00:24:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40467, encodeId=0cb44046ed0, content=数据很详细,但没什么大用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJXCR8W80NNgQuicJU3aIm3JtiaNAFLYSMlBuVfGkSlw5Z5VpmZK4PyiaDURLAorhvwhWVnaM1gQdJXA/132, createdBy=a01444383, createdName=lixh1719, createdTime=Fri Oct 23 15:30:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40250, encodeId=a31340250ac, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Thu Oct 22 12:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-10-22 owlhealth

    挺好的

    0

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