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NAT MED:“神药”二甲双胍又有新用!改善自闭症社交能力

2017-05-17 佚名 生物探索

脆性X综合征是一种常见的遗传性智力低下疾病,由X染色体上一个名为FMR1的基因的遗传缺陷引起。近日,发表于Nature Medicine上的一项研究发现,糖尿病药物二甲双胍可改善社交能力,减少成年小鼠脆性X综合征的症状行为。

糖尿病药物二甲双胍因其抗癌、抗衰老等功效被冠以“神药”之名。近日,发表于Nature Medicine上的一项研究又揭示了二甲双胍的另一个新疗效——改善自闭症症状。研究人员发现,二甲双胍可改善社交能力,减少成年小鼠脆性X综合征的症状行为。研究人员表示,如果临床试验也能获得成功,那么二甲双胍可能会在未来几年内成为脆性X综合症的治疗方案。

脆性X综合征是一种常见的遗传性智力低下疾病,由X染色体上一个名为FMR1的基因的遗传缺陷引起。该病是自闭症谱系障碍主要的单基因因素。FMR1缺陷引起FMRP蛋白表达减少,使神经细胞之间连接破坏,最终导致行为异常。脆性X综合征男性发病率约为1/4000,女性约为1/6000。患儿会出现发育迟缓并损伤语言功能,同时还伴随社交障碍,通常还会被诊断为自闭症,焦虑以及癫痫

来自爱丁堡大学和加拿大麦吉尔大学的团队研究了二甲双胍对FMR1基因缺失小鼠的影响。这些小鼠通常具有与脆性X综合征一致的症状 ——重复刻板行为,不与其他小鼠社交等等。

研究人员发现,小鼠用二甲双胍治疗十天后,大脑中的蛋白质产生恢复到常规水平,大脑连接被修复,并表现出正常的行为模式。

这种治疗方法也减少了癫痫发作的发生,约10%至20%的脆性X综合征会发生癫痫。

爱丁堡大学帕特里克野生动物中心校长Christos Gkogkas博士说:“二甲双胍已经广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病30多年,其安全性和耐受性有很好的记录,我们的研究表明该药可能是脆性X综合征的新型治疗方法,接下来计划研究二甲双胍是否对其他类型的自闭症也存在疗效。”

麦吉尔大学生物化学系James McGill教授Nahum Sonenberg博士评论说:“这是我职业生涯中最令人兴奋的研究工作,因为它对治疗无法治愈的恶性遗传病带来了巨大希望。”

帕特里克野生自闭症研究综合症,易感综合症和智力障碍研究中心联合主任Andrew Stanfield博士说:“这些发现特别重要,因为二甲双胍是其他疾病常用的药物,所以我们对其安全性已经有了充分了解。如果在脆性X综合症患者中进行临床试验成功,那么可能比使用全新药物快得多。”

原始出处:
Ilse Gantois, Arkady Khoutorsky, Jelena Popic, et al. Metformin ameliorates core deficits in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Nature Medicine (2017) doi:10.1038/nm.4335.

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    2017-06-12 liye789132251
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    2017-05-19 xiongke014
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    2017-05-19 fengyi818
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    2017-05-17 阿吴

    真棒

    0

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【游泳课或许能够挽救自闭症儿童的生命】一项关于自闭症谱系障碍患者伤害死亡率的最新研究调查提出了一系列令人惊讶且令人不安的结果。根据作者所言,自闭症儿童应该优先考虑学习游泳课程。

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