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ESC2015:NSTE-ACS指南药物及介入治疗推荐要点

2015-09-07 大鹏 译 医学论坛网

2015欧洲心脏病学会年会(ESC2015)专题报道一、抗心肌缺血药物治疗要点1.若患者存在持续性缺血症状,且无显著禁忌,推荐初始治疗给予β受体阻滞剂。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级B)2.除了患者Killip等级不小于Ⅲ的情况,推荐维持β受体阻滞剂长期治疗。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级B)3.推荐硝酸酯类药物舌下含服或硝酸酯类药物静脉给药,以缓解患者心绞痛、高血压失控、心衰等情况。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级C)4

2015欧洲心脏病学会年会(ESC2015)专题报道

一、抗心肌缺血药物治疗要点

1.若患者存在持续性缺血症状,且无显著禁忌,推荐初始治疗给予β受体阻滞剂。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级B)

2.除了患者Killip等级不小于Ⅲ的情况,推荐维持β受体阻滞剂长期治疗。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级B)

3.推荐硝酸酯类药物舌下含服或硝酸酯类药物静脉给药,以缓解患者心绞痛、高血压失控、心衰等情况。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级C)

4.对于疑似或确诊血管痉挛性心绞痛的患者,可考虑钙离子拮抗剂及甘油酯类药物,避免β受体阻滞剂。(推荐等级Ⅱa,证据等级B)

二、冠脉支架治疗血管穿刺路径、支架类型及其他要点

1.在冠脉造影和 PCI 手术领域,桡动脉径路径优于股动脉径路。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级A)

2.对于需要服用 OAC 的患者,新型药物洗脱支架(DES)优于裸金属支架(BMS)。(推荐等级Ⅱb,证据等级B)

3.对于一般患者,可考虑在 OAC 基础上加用一种抗血小板药物,维持 1 年。(推荐等级Ⅱb,证据等级C)

三、出血管理和输血要点

1.对于因 VKA 相关出血事件而面临生命危险的患者,推荐使用Ⅳ因子凝血酶原复合物快速逆转抗凝药物的作用,不推荐选用新鲜冰冻血浆或者重组激活因子 VII。另外,若需反复静脉注射维生素K(10 mg),推荐缓慢注射给药。(推荐等级Ⅱa,证据等级C)

2.对于因 NOAC 相关持续出血事件而面临生命危险的患者,可以考虑使用凝血酶原复合物或者激活凝血酶原复合物。(推荐等级Ⅱb,证据等级C)

3.对于贫血但无活动性出血证据的患者,若出现血流动力学受损、血细胞比容<25% 或血红蛋白水平低于 7 g/dL,可考虑输血。(推荐等级Ⅱb,证据等级C)

四、侵入性冠脉造影和血运重建要点

1.若患者存在以下极高危特征,推荐立即行介入治疗(<2小时),包括:血流动力学紊乱或心源性休克;复发或持续性胸痛且药物治疗无效;致死性心脏骤停或心律失常;心梗机械性并发症;急性心衰,伴难治性心绞痛或ST段偏移;复发动力性ST段或T波改变,特别是短暂性ST段抬高。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级C)

2.若患者存在以下高危特征,推荐早期介入治疗(<24小时),包括:与心梗相关的肌钙蛋白改变;复发动力性ST段或T波改变;GRACE评分>140。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级A)

3.若患者存在以下中度危险特征,推荐介入治疗(<72小时),包括:糖尿病;肾功能不全;左室射血分数<40%,或心衰;早期梗死后心绞痛;近期PCI治疗史;已往心脏搭桥史;GRACE评分>109但<140。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级A)

4.无上述危险指标以及无症状复发的患者,推荐介入评估之前行非侵入性检查(优先选择影像学检查)。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级A)

5.若医疗中心具有丰富的桡动脉径路手术经验,推荐经桡动脉完全冠脉造影及PCI。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级A)

6.对于需要行 PCI 的患者,推荐植入新一代药物洗脱支架。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级A)

7.若患者罹患多冠脉病变的冠心病,推荐以患者临床疾病状态、合并症情况及疾病严重程度为基础,根据当地心脏团队治疗规范制定冠状动脉重建术策略。(推荐等级Ⅰ,证据等级C)

8.对于因出血风险增加计划短期双联抗血小板(30 天)治疗的患者,考虑使用新一代药物洗脱支架。(推荐等级Ⅱb,证据等级B)







 

       
       
       

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947583, encodeId=5746194e583e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 22:05:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927971, encodeId=8a8c192e97197, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e1f13101d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13101, encryptionId=5e1f13101d9, topicName=NSTE-ACS指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30f5146, createdName=zz70, createdTime=Sun Nov 01 18:05:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977510, encodeId=9bc319e7510b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Sun Sep 20 11:05:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279108, encodeId=ddbc12e9108de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Wed Sep 09 00:05:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-09-20 drj2003
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947583, encodeId=5746194e583e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 22:05:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927971, encodeId=8a8c192e97197, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e1f13101d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13101, encryptionId=5e1f13101d9, topicName=NSTE-ACS指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30f5146, createdName=zz70, createdTime=Sun Nov 01 18:05:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977510, encodeId=9bc319e7510b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Sun Sep 20 11:05:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279108, encodeId=ddbc12e9108de, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Wed Sep 09 00:05:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-09-09 yaanren

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