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Diabetes Care:母乳喂养≥1 年或可降低遗传易感儿童 1 型糖尿病发生风险(MIDIA研究)

2015-01-24 MedSci MedSci原创

1 型糖尿病是困扰青少年人群最常见的慢性病之一。由于遗传背景是相对固定的,因此,1型糖尿病发病率的变化提示环境因素在 1 型糖尿病发生发展中发挥了重要作用。有研究显示,婴儿喂养方式或可影响胰岛自身免疫情况和 1 型糖尿病的发生发展,但是,既往这些研究大多是回顾性研究,结果中存在大量的回忆偏倚。为此,来自挪威奥斯陆大学附属医院的 Lund-Blix 教授及其团队进行了一项前瞻性研究,旨在探讨母乳喂养

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1 型糖尿病是困扰青少年人群最常见的慢性病之一。由于遗传背景是相对固定的,因此,1型糖尿病发病率的变化提示环境因素在 1 型糖尿病发生发展中发挥了重要作用。有研究显示,婴儿喂养方式或可影响胰岛自身免疫情况和 1 型糖尿病的发生发展,但是,既往这些研究大多是回顾性研究,结果中存在大量的回忆偏倚。

为此,来自挪威奥斯陆大学附属医院的 Lund-Blix 教授及其团队进行了一项前瞻性研究,旨在探讨母乳喂养周期和进食固体食物年龄段对遗传易感儿童胰岛自身免疫和 1 型糖尿病发生风险之间的关系。结果发表于 Diabetes Care 杂志。

该研究中,Blix 教授等于 2001 年 -2007 年间在挪威普通人群中招募新生儿,接近 50000 例新生儿接受了基因筛查,共确定 908 例高危 HLA 基因型儿童。Blix 教授等留取这些受试者 3 月、6 月、9 月和 12 月龄血液标本,并进行问卷调查,之后每年留取一次血标本,并进行一次问卷调查。最终,共获得 726 例受试者完整的婴儿饮食数据。

结果发现,在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式后,与母乳喂养周期<12 个月的儿童相比,母乳喂养周期≥12 个月儿童发生 1 型糖尿病的风险显著下降,降低63%(HR 0.37 [95% CI 0.15-0.93])风险水平。进一步分析发现,虽然母乳喂养周期≥12 个月与胰岛自身免疫之间无明显相关性,但其可降低胰岛自身免疫向 1 型糖尿病进展风险65%(HR 0.35 [95% CI 0.13-0.94])。

此外,不论是整个母乳喂养周期,还是进食固体食物年龄段、抑或母乳喂养期间同时进食固体食物,都与胰岛自身免疫和 1 型糖尿病风险之间无明显相关性。该研究提示,母乳喂养周期≥12 个月可降低遗传易感儿童胰岛自身免疫向 1 型糖尿病进展风险。

原始出处:
Lund-Blix NA, Stene LC, Rasmussen T, Torjesen PA, Andersen LF, Rønningen KS.Infant Feeding in Relation to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes in Genetically Susceptible Children: The MIDIA Study.Diabetes Care. 2014 Nov 24. pii: DC_141130.

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  4. 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level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, 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content=前瞻性研究,牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.190.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 10:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-11 x35042875

    AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性

    0

  5. 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createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Mon Dec 28 16:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637031, encodeId=9741163e03191, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 12:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20414, encodeId=2d67204140e, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.30.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14624, encodeId=114f14624d9, content=这类研究涉及到年限会非常长,因此,多是回顾性研究,这个研究是前瞻性的,相当出色。当然,这个研究还需要进一步随访,整体时间依然偏短。对于I型糖尿病的发生仅仅到12月龄,太短了些。如果能一直随访到6岁左右,整个研究价值会巨大,可能看到的风险差异会与现在不同。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 11:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14620, encodeId=6cff14620b6, 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  6. 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createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Mon Dec 28 16:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637031, encodeId=9741163e03191, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 12:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20414, encodeId=2d67204140e, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, 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content=前瞻性研究,牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.190.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 10:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-26 villahu
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1759524, encodeId=93781e59524e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9bea33520d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3352, encryptionId=9bea33520d, topicName=BET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9a1a37427546, createdName=ms5439512287675881, createdTime=Fri Jan 30 04:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1664947, encodeId=1225166494ecb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8664008e1a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喂养#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40087, encryptionId=c8664008e1a, topicName=喂养)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Mon Dec 28 16:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637031, encodeId=9741163e03191, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 12:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20414, encodeId=2d67204140e, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1901268, encodeId=3c9719012684d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c097591ed5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diabetes#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5917, encryptionId=c097591ed5, topicName=Diabetes)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Tue Apr 14 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299482, encodeId=77ae129948274, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.30.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14624, encodeId=114f14624d9, content=这类研究涉及到年限会非常长,因此,多是回顾性研究,这个研究是前瞻性的,相当出色。当然,这个研究还需要进一步随访,整体时间依然偏短。对于I型糖尿病的发生仅仅到12月龄,太短了些。如果能一直随访到6岁左右,整个研究价值会巨大,可能看到的风险差异会与现在不同。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 11:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14620, encodeId=6cff14620b6, content=前瞻性研究,牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.190.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 10:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-24 lovetcm

    校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。

    0

  8. 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createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Mon Dec 28 16:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637031, encodeId=9741163e03191, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 12:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20414, encodeId=2d67204140e, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.30.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14624, encodeId=114f14624d9, content=这类研究涉及到年限会非常长,因此,多是回顾性研究,这个研究是前瞻性的,相当出色。当然,这个研究还需要进一步随访,整体时间依然偏短。对于I型糖尿病的发生仅仅到12月龄,太短了些。如果能一直随访到6岁左右,整个研究价值会巨大,可能看到的风险差异会与现在不同。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 11:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14620, encodeId=6cff14620b6, content=前瞻性研究,牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.190.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 10:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-24 180.213.30.**

    这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小

    0

  9. 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createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Mon Dec 28 16:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637031, encodeId=9741163e03191, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 12:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20414, encodeId=2d67204140e, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=167, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.30.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14624, encodeId=114f14624d9, content=这类研究涉及到年限会非常长,因此,多是回顾性研究,这个研究是前瞻性的,相当出色。当然,这个研究还需要进一步随访,整体时间依然偏短。对于I型糖尿病的发生仅仅到12月龄,太短了些。如果能一直随访到6岁左右,整个研究价值会巨大,可能看到的风险差异会与现在不同。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 11:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14620, encodeId=6cff14620b6, content=前瞻性研究,牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.190.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 10:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-24 lovetcm

    这类研究涉及到年限会非常长,因此,多是回顾性研究,这个研究是前瞻性的,相当出色。当然,这个研究还需要进一步随访,整体时间依然偏短。对于I型糖尿病的发生仅仅到12月龄,太短了些。如果能一直随访到6岁左右,整个研究价值会巨大,可能看到的风险差异会与现在不同。

    0

  10. 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1901268, encodeId=3c9719012684d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c097591ed5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diabetes#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5917, encryptionId=c097591ed5, topicName=Diabetes)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Tue Apr 14 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299482, encodeId=77ae129948274, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 01:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14637, encodeId=96681463e12, content=校正因素方面也不全。1型DM可能是自身免疫,因此需要校正家族史中是否有自身免疫性疾病。目前仅校正在校正 1 型糖尿病一级亲属、维生素 D 补充治疗、母亲受教育水平、性别、以及分娩方式。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=166, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14633, encodeId=256114633ed, content=这个研究应该进一步分层,如母乳喂养6个月内,6-12个月,大于12个月,比较风险大小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.30.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 14:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14624, encodeId=114f14624d9, content=这类研究涉及到年限会非常长,因此,多是回顾性研究,这个研究是前瞻性的,相当出色。当然,这个研究还需要进一步随访,整体时间依然偏短。对于I型糖尿病的发生仅仅到12月龄,太短了些。如果能一直随访到6岁左右,整个研究价值会巨大,可能看到的风险差异会与现在不同。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 11:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14620, encodeId=6cff14620b6, content=前瞻性研究,牛, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=180.213.190.**, createdTime=Sat Jan 24 10:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-24 180.213.190.**

    前瞻性研究,牛

    0

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