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Circulation:二甲双胍改善青少年1型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗及心血管功能

2019-08-18 国际糖尿病编辑部 国际糖尿病

心血管疾病是导致1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者死亡的主要原因,约35%青少年T1DM进入成年期至少会伴有2个心血管危险因素。因此,非常有必要采取措施预防或逆转T1DM患者的心血管病变。近期科罗拉多大学医学院儿童内分泌科研究人员发表了一项随机对照研究显示,青少年T1DM患者的胰岛素抵抗及心血管健康受损明显,而二甲双胍可有效改善上述异常。

编者按:心血管疾病是导致1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者死亡的主要原因,约35%青少年T1DM进入成年期至少会伴有2个心血管危险因素。因此,非常有必要采取措施预防或逆转T1DM患者的心血管病变。近期科罗拉多大学医学院儿童内分泌科研究人员发表了一项随机对照研究显示,青少年T1DM患者的胰岛素抵抗及心血管健康受损明显,而二甲双胍可有效改善上述异常。

这项研究纳入48例青少年T1DM患者和24例非糖尿病青少年,对比发现青少年T1DM患者心血管健康受损明显:其升主动脉和降主动脉脉冲波速度加快、相对面积减少、最大切应力(WSSMAX)和平均切应力(WSSTA)升高(图1)。

进一步将48例青少年T1DM患者随机分为2组,即二甲双胍治疗组(n=25)和安慰剂组(n=23),治疗3个月,结果显示:
 
01

二甲双胍治疗组胰岛素敏感性提高,葡萄糖输注率/胰岛素(M/I)显著改善;

02

二甲双胍治疗组体重和脂肪含量下降,减重明显;(0.5±0.5 kg VS. 1.6±0.5 kg;P=0.004),体重指数显著下降(-0.2±0.15 kg/m2 VS. 0.4±0.15 kg/m2;P =0.005),脂肪含量显著下降(-0.7±0.3 kg vs. 0.6±0.4 kg;P=0.01);

03

二甲双胍组改善心血管健康,升主动脉最大切应力(WSSMAX)显著降低(0.3±0.4 dyne/cm2 vs. 1.5±0.5 dyne/cm2;P=0.03),脉冲波速度显著减慢(-1.1±1.20 m/s vs. 4.1±1.6 m/s,P=0.04),颈动脉舒张期远端内膜中层厚度显著降低(0.04±0.01 mm vs. 0.00±0.01 mm;P=0.049)(图3)。



图1. MRI中青少年T1DM患者与健康者主动脉状态对比



图2. 二甲双胍提高青少年T1DM患者胰岛素敏感性



图3. 二甲双胍治疗组心血管健康显著改善

美国糖尿病协会医学科学部前主席Reusch评述道:“心血管疾病是T1DM的最主要死因,35%青少年T1DM进入成年期至少会伴有2个心血管危险因素,现在是预防并治疗T1DM心血管病变的时候了。”

这项研究显示仅通过3个月的二甲双胍治疗就显著提高了青少年T1DM患者胰岛素敏感性,并改善了心血管状态,因此二甲双胍有望成为改善T1DM青少年心血管健康的新希望。

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    2020-06-21 baoya
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    2019-08-18 misszhang

    二甲双胍,神药!

    0

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    2019-08-18 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0

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