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Lancet Infect Dis:A型脑膜炎疫苗非洲应用效果评估

2017-06-02 zhangfan MedSci原创

MenAfriVac 接种大幅减少了脑膜炎流行发病率,要继续加强疫苗的性能监测并对其他脑膜炎球菌血清群和其他病原体的严重威胁保持警惕

MenAfriVac是一种A型脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗,目前在非洲脑膜炎带应用。近日研究人员通过对疑似和确诊脑膜炎的数据监测以量化疫苗的效果。

研究人员收集和分析2005和2015之间在脑膜炎带九个国家(贝宁,布基纳法索,乍得,科特迪瓦,加纳,马里,尼日尔,尼日利亚和多哥)的监测数据。通过负二项回归模型估计在接种和未接种疫苗的人群中的疑似和确诊病例发病率比率(IRRs)。

研究发现,与未接种疫苗的人群相比,接种人群疑似脑膜炎病例发病率下降了57%(95% CI 55-59),某些地区流行病阈值风险下降了59%。在完全接种人群中,确诊的A群脑膜炎发病率减少了99%以上。在接种计划实施后,非A型脑膜炎IRRs上升(IRR 2.76,95% CI,1.21-6.30)。

MenAfriVac 接种大幅减少了脑膜炎流行发病率,要继续加强疫苗的性能监测并对其他脑膜炎球菌血清群和其他病原体的严重威胁保持警惕。

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