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Nat Rev Drug Discov:对肠促胰岛素的买二送一打击

2014-01-26 Natureasia Natureasia

最近发表在《科学—转化医学》上的一篇论文表明,一种调查中的糖尿病药物比已被批准的糖尿病药物,例如艾塞那肽(Byetta;Amylin公司)和利拉鲁肽(Victoza;诺和诺德公司),具有更好的代谢效应。这种药物主要针对激素受体肠促胰岛素家族的两个成员。 艾塞那肽和利拉鲁肽是胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP1)受体的兴奋剂。作者首次发现,一种GLP1类似物的施用,以及相关的肠降血糖素激素的类似物,葡萄糖依

最近发表在《科学—转化医学》上的一篇论文表明,一种调查中的糖尿病药物比已被批准的糖尿病药物,例如艾塞那肽(Byetta;Amylin公司)和利拉鲁肽(Victoza;诺和诺德公司),具有更好的代谢效应。这种药物主要针对激素受体肠促胰岛素家族的两个成员。【原文下载

艾塞那肽和利拉鲁肽是胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP1)受体的兴奋剂。作者首次发现,一种GLP1类似物的施用,以及相关的肠降血糖素激素的类似物,葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽(GIP),在肥胖小鼠中能够增强GLP1的降体重作用。这促使他们鉴别了一种信号化合物,后者是GLP1和GIP的一种协同兴奋剂。

事实上,基于结构的设计带来了一种基于GLP1和GIP残留物混合序列的缩氨酸(名为MAR701;也称为RG7685)的发展。通过急性血糖控制测量,这些残留物在小鼠的GLP1和GIP受体中具有平衡作用。此外,与等剂量的艾塞那肽4(艾塞那肽是艾塞那肽4的合成版)相比,协同兴奋剂在很大程度上减少了体重、食物摄取、脂肪量和血糖水平(约10倍)。

接下来,作者测试了一种协同兴奋剂的酰化版本,它允许使用较少的药次。向饮食诱导肥胖的小鼠每两周注射这种兴奋剂在4周后减少了体重、食物摄取和脂肪量,并改善了葡萄糖耐受性,同时降低了血浆胰岛素和胆固醇水平。这种代谢参数的改进比在利拉鲁肽组中观测到的要更明显。在更高的剂量(每公斤20纳摩尔)下,酰化协同兴奋剂减少体重约21.5%,而利拉鲁肽则没有影响。

此外,协同兴奋剂的一个聚乙二醇化版本在小鼠模型(db/db小鼠)中降低了血糖水平,复制了与代谢紊乱有关的高血糖和糖尿病的影响。

在食蟹猴中,利拉鲁肽或酰化协同兴奋剂的单一注射能够降低血糖水平,并增加血浆胰岛素水平,同时协同兴奋剂具有更好的效果。

最终,作者在一个6周的递增剂量研究中研究了聚乙二醇化协同兴奋剂对53位2型糖尿病患者的作用。用协同兴奋剂治疗的病人改善了血糖水平(虽然还不正常)。重要的是,病人并没有经历呕吐,这是伴随GLP1受体兴奋剂的一种副作用。

概括起来,这项研究表明,扮演GLP1和GIP受体的肠促胰岛素兴奋剂能够代表一种改进的糖尿病疗法。实际上,这种化合物是安全的并在人体中很活跃,尽管还需要大规模的临床试验来确定其全部功效。并且还需要更进一步的机制研究以确定GLP1和GIP受体之间如何协作,从而放大有益的代谢效应。

原文出处

Harrison C.Obesity and diabetes: Two-for-one strike at incretins.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2014 Jan【原文下载

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    2014-04-16 baoya
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    2014-03-05 爆笑小医
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    2014-05-12 liye789132251
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    2014-01-28 yankaienglish

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