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N Engl J Med:卒中后卵圆孔未闭封堵术联合抗血小板治疗有何利弊?

2017-10-16 吴星 环球医学

2017年9月,发表在《N Engl J Med.》的一项多中心、随机化、开放标签试验调查了卒中后卵圆孔未闭封堵术或抗凝vs抗血小板治疗的疗效。

2017年9月,发表在《N Engl J Med.》的一项多中心、随机化、开放标签试验调查了卒中后卵圆孔未闭封堵术或抗凝vs抗血小板治疗的疗效。

背景:卵圆孔未闭(PFO)封堵术预防卒中再发的试验尚无定论。研究者考察了与抗血小板治疗相比,隐源性卒中和反映卒中风险的超声心动图特征患者是否能从PFO封堵术或抗凝治疗中获益。

方法:在一项多中心、随机化、开放标签试验中,研究者按照1:1:1的比率,将年龄在16岁至60岁,由于PFO近期发生卒中的房间隔动脉瘤或大型心房间分流患者分配至经导管PFO封堵术联合长期抗血小板疗法(PFO封堵术组)、抗血小板疗法(仅抗血小板治疗组),或口服抗凝疗法(抗凝组)(随机组1)。对抗凝药或PFO封堵术有禁忌征候的患者被分配至非禁忌征候治疗或抗血小板治疗(随机组2和组3)。主要结局指标为卒中发病率。根据随机组1和组2的联合数据,比较PFO封堵术联合抗血小板疗法与仅抗血小板疗法,根据随机组1和组3的联合数据,比较口服抗凝疗法与单独抗血小板疗法。

结果:共对663例患者进行随机化,并平均(±SD)随访5.3±2.0年。在对随机组1和组2的分析中,PFO封堵术组的238例患者没有发生卒中,而仅抗血小板疗法的235例患者中有14例患者发生卒中(风险比,0.03;95%置信区间,0~0.26;P<0.001)。14例(5.9%)患者出现PFO封堵术手术并发症。PFO封堵术组的房颤比率高于仅抗血小板疗法组(4.6% vs 0.9%,P=0.02)。不同治疗组之间的严重不良事件数量无显着差异(P=0.56)。在对随机组1和组3的分析中,口服抗凝疗法组的187例患者中有3例患者发生卒中,抗血小板疗法组的174例患者中有7例患者发生卒中。

结论:在近期发生过PFO相关隐源性卒中的房间隔动脉瘤或大型心房间分流患者中,PFO封堵术联合抗血小板治疗后的卒中再发率低于单独抗血小板治疗。PFO封堵术与房颤风险增加相关。

原始出处:
Mas JL,et al.Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Anticoagulation vs. Antiplatelets after Stroke.N Engl J Med. 2017 Sep 14;377(11):1011-1021.

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    2018-08-22 haouestc
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    2018-02-09 ycmayy
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    2018-05-18 spoonycyy
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