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JAMA Netw Open:中国新生儿网络(CHNN)第一份全年报告出炉,看看极早产儿的结局和预后怎样吧!

2021-08-03 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

中国新生儿网络成立于2018年,维护着全国三级新生儿重症监护病房(NICD)极早产儿或极低出生体重儿的标准化国家临床数据库。

近几十年来,中国在围产期和新生儿重症监护方面取得了重大进展。新生儿死亡率已大幅度降低,但早产已成为新生儿死亡的主要原因。中国每年约有20万名极早产儿(VPI)(小于32周胎龄[GA])。尽管有报道称VPI的预后正在稳步改善,但在中国,VPI依然是新生儿死亡和长期发育残疾的严重负担。

目前,中国缺乏VPI结果和护理实践的国家级数据。关VPI的护理实践、发病率和死亡率的信息对于机构评估其绩效、发现护理缺陷、促进质量改进、改善医疗服务提供以及支持父母咨询和医生临床决策都至关重要。

中国新生儿网络(CHNN)成立于2018年,在全国三级新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)建立了一个标准化的VPI国家临床数据库,以监测VPI护理实践的结果和变化,并探索改善新生儿护理的潜在策略。CHNN数据库从2019年1月1日开始启动并进行前瞻性数据收集。本研究是CHNN数据库评估2019年中国NICU VPI结果和护理实践的第一份全年报告,旨在了解中国三级NICUs VPI的护理现状和结果。

对全国25个省的57家三级医院进行了队列研究。包括2019年1月1日至12月31日期间入住57个新生儿重症监护室的所有胎龄(GA)小于32周的婴儿。护理实践、发病率和生存率是该研究的主要结果。主要疾病包括支气管肺发育不良、严重脑室内出血(3级)和/或脑室周围白质软化、坏死性小肠结肠炎(2期)、败血症和严重早产儿视网膜病变(3期)。

共有9552个VPI新生儿纳入研究,平均GA为29.5周,平均出生体重为1321g;5404名婴儿(56.6%)为男性。75.6%的VPI使用产前皮质类固醇,54.8%通过剖宫产出生。在产房,12.1%的VPI接受持续气道正压通气,26.7%接受插管。52.7%的婴儿服用表面活性剂,9.5%的婴儿服用产后地塞米松。共有85.5%(8171名)的婴儿接受了全面护理,14.5%(1381名)的婴儿违反医嘱出院。

主要疾病为支气管肺发育不良,占29.2%;严重脑室内出血和/或脑室周围白质软化,占10.4%(7189例中745例);坏死性小肠结肠炎,4.9%(8171例中403例);败血症9.4%(8171例中764例);接受全面护理的婴儿中有4.3%(6851名中有296名)患有严重的早产儿视网膜病变。

在接受全面护理的VPI中,95.4%(8171人中的7792人)存活:25周及以下胎龄存活65.6%(236人中的155人),26周至27周GA时存活89.0%(988人中的880人),28周至29周GA时存活94.9%(2755人中的2635人),30周至31周GA时存活98.3%(4192人中的4122人)。只有57.2%(8171人中的4677人)的婴儿存活且无重大发病率。在所有入院婴儿中,存活率为87.6%(8370/9552),无重大疾病存活率为51.8%(4947/9552)。

中国57个新生儿重症监护病房接受全面护理的极早产儿(<32周妊娠)生存率和无严重并发症生存率

这项研究的结果提供了有关NICUs结果和临床实践的国家数据,以及改善中国家庭护理和咨询的潜在策略。尽管VPI在中国取得了显著改善,但其结果仍落后于高收入国家。在未来,协调多个领域的工作可能是有益的,包括临床质量改进、系统和卫生服务重组、加强对家庭的财政和社会支持以及解决母婴健康的社会决定因素。

参考文献:Cao Y, Jiang S, Sun J, et al. Assessment of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Practices, Morbidity, and Mortality Among Very Preterm Infants in China. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(8):e2118904. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.18904

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    2022-06-18 canlab
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    2022-03-08 feather89
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    2021-08-04 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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