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Arch Gynecol Obstet:腹腔镜子宫成形术可提高胎儿存活率

2014-12-03 lena 丁香园

苗勒管异常会导致反复流产以及不良妊娠结局。在一般人群中,这些畸形的患病率约为5%,而其中5%–10%的患者反复流产,大于25%的患者有妊娠晚期流产或早产。在苗勒管异常中,双角子宫、双子宫是常见的形式,患病率分别为25%和11%,其并发症包括妊娠早期反复自发流产、不孕、宫腔内生长受限(IUGR)、早产以及胎位不正等。 苗勒管异常患者的妊娠结局往往不好,想改变妊娠结局只能通过手术的方式。开腹

苗勒管异常会导致反复流产以及不良妊娠结局。在一般人群中,这些畸形的患病率约为5%,而其中5%–10%的患者反复流产,大于25%的患者有妊娠晚期流产或早产。在苗勒管异常中,双角子宫、双子宫是常见的形式,患病率分别为25%和11%,其并发症包括妊娠早期反复自发流产、不孕、宫腔内生长受限(IUGR)、早产以及胎位不正等。

苗勒管异常患者的妊娠结局往往不好,想改变妊娠结局只能通过手术的方式。开腹子宫成形术是标准的外科方式,但近年来,腹腔镜子宫成形术因其出血少、粘连轻和住院时间短的优点而颇受关注。

近日,伊朗设拉子大学医学院妇产科的Alborzi S评估了腹腔镜子宫成形术在双角子宫、双子宫是否可行,同时关注患者的妊娠结局,并将研究成果发表在《Arch Gynecol Obstet》杂志上。

研究人员对26例有两次流产或早产史(用激素,遗传,免疫因素不能解释)的双角子宫或双子宫患者进行了子宫超声检查。序贯抽样结果:4例为双子宫,22例为双角子宫。这些患者在2008-2013年间分别在伊朗大学附属医院和2家私人诊所进行宫腔镜二次探查。研究人员通过妊娠结局和活产率(至少进行12个月的随访)评估腹腔镜子宫矫形术以及腹腔镜二次探查是否可行。

腹腔镜子宫成形术是由同一医师(S.A)完成,除了5个双角子宫患者是由H.A医生手术。所有患者在术后第二天静脉注射抗生素,随后出院,并被给予共轭雌激素(2.5 mg/d,伊朗激素公司)和醋酸甲羟孕酮(连续21天10 mg/d,伊朗激素公司)促进子宫内膜增殖,防止粘连。术后3个月行二次腹腔镜探查评价宫腔的柔软度和粘连情况。医师建议患者在二次探查1个月后尝试怀孕(主要手术后4个月)。

在26例患者中,研究人员排除了二次探查后未能随诊或者随诊时间小于12个月的12名患者,最终分析了14名患者(包括10例双角子宫和4例双子宫)。患者的平均年龄为31.6±6.3(22~39)岁,29次妊娠包括25次流产史和4次早产史。

二次腹腔镜探查显示,8名患者子宫与网膜粘连非常轻微,所有患者的宫腔柔软度非常好,且术后没有严重并发症。超过85%的患者第一年内(12/14)成功受孕,14.2%(2/14)妊娠推迟。9名患者(7例双角子宫和2例双子宫)正常足月妊娠且安全生产。双角子宫组有2名患者流产,双子宫组有1名患者早产。2名患者认为推迟妊娠是由于个人原因。一名双角子宫患者为前置胎盘且胎盘出血,我们对其进行保守治疗。所有患者最后都进行了足月剖宫产。

该研究结果表明,腹腔镜子宫成形术是可行的,腹腔镜手术能减少手术出血、术后感染,并缩短住院时间,且比开腹手术的预后好。最重要的是,腹腔镜子宫成形术能使腹腔粘连率降低,这在输卵管原因引发的继发性不孕中起到关键作用。Heinonen表示,子宫成形术后胎儿存活率能提高3%-86%。

原始出处:

Alborzi S1, Asefjah H, Amini M, Vafaei H, Madadi G, Chubak N, Tavana Z.Laparoscopic metroplasty in bicornuate and didelphic uteri: feasibility and outcome.Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2014 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print]


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    2015-05-08 yhy100200
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