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LANCET:电刺激疗法可以缓解24小时内发生的脑卒中

2019-05-27 佚名 转化医学网

研究发现,一种新的神经刺激疗法可以增加脑血流,进而降低24小时内发生最常见的脑卒中患者的致残程度。这一重要发现发表于近期的《The Lancet》杂志。

研究发现,一种新的神经刺激疗法可以增加脑血流,进而降低24小时内发生最常见的脑卒中患者的致残程度。这一重要发现发表于近期的《The Lancet》杂志。

一项针对1000名患者的研究发现,一项被称为主动神经细胞簇刺激的技术可降低患有急性皮质缺血性中风患者的残疾程度。加州大学洛杉矶分校综合卒中中心主任Jeffrey Saver博士是该研究的联合首席研究员,该研究在18个国家的73个医疗中心进行。与目前批准的两种通过溶解或去除凝块打开阻塞动脉的急性卒中疗法不同,新方法对鼻后神经细胞施加电刺激,通过扩张未损伤的动脉并绕过阻塞来增加大脑中受威胁的大脑区域的血流量。

在之前的研究中,为了解治疗的作用机制,科学家们发现神经细胞簇刺激不仅可以增加血流量,还可以保留血脑屏障,从而防止脑肿胀。它还改善了神经元补偿伤害并形成新的神经联系。

在520名患有严重缺陷并确认大脑皮层损伤的人群的研究中,40%未施加刺激的患者有较良好的恢复结果,而那些被施加刺激的患者有50%有较良好的恢复结果。尽管这些结果仅有统计学意义,但当数据与早期试验的类似结果相结合时,累积统计数据表明,在皮质急性缺血性卒中发病后8至24小时内,治疗有效。该治疗使用一个小的神经刺激器电极,通过口腔顶部暂时植入。在研究期间,电极连续5天每天4小时主动刺激神经细胞簇。

第一次治疗缺血性中风,使用的时溶栓药物阿替普酶,于1996年获得美国食品和药物管理局的批准。在发病后不久给药时,这种药物也被称为tPA,有时可以清除阻塞的动脉,恢复血流量并避免中风伤害。然而,如果治疗延迟超过三小时,其有效性会降低,但并不适用于所有患者,有些人的病情会妨碍其使用。

最近,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准了通过动脉穿刺进而捕获和清除堵塞物的血凝块取出装置。单独使用或与tPA联合使用,这些装置在一些患者中风24小时内可有较好的疗效。尽管早期治疗更有效,但这些设备需要专业医生来使用,在主要医疗中心之外地区可能由于缺乏的专业知识而导致该设备的使用受到限制。

Saver表示,“中风仍然是美国乃至全世界死亡和残疾的主要原因,因此我们必须开发新的有效治疗方法,进而补充现有疗法,包括延长治疗窗口。该试验发现,新的刺激治疗对于那些不符合凝块溶解药物资格的人来说是安全有效的。未来的研究将确定新疗法与凝块溶解药物和凝块回收装置一起使用时的有效性”。

原始出处:
Prof Natan M Bornstein, MD ,Prof Jeffrey L Saver, MD,Prof Hans Christoph Diener, MD ,et al.An injectable implant to stimulate the sphenopalatine ganglion for treatment of acute ischaemic stroke up to 24 h from onset (ImpACT-24B): an international, randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled, pivotal trial,LANCET,Published:May 24, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31192-4

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    2019-10-22 chengjn
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1725291, encodeId=5eb01e2529111, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e20b101402' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#24小时#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1014, encryptionId=e20b101402, topicName=24小时)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=447433741908, createdName=chengjn, createdTime=Tue Oct 22 06:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830092, encodeId=9e621830092ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat Oct 26 19:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1394019, encodeId=6ba513940192d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a054e00031c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#电刺激#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70003, encryptionId=a054e00031c, topicName=电刺激)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Wed May 29 04:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026374, encodeId=d61910263e425, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Mon May 27 16:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-10-26 howi
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1725291, encodeId=5eb01e2529111, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e20b101402' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#24小时#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1014, encryptionId=e20b101402, topicName=24小时)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=447433741908, createdName=chengjn, createdTime=Tue Oct 22 06:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830092, encodeId=9e621830092ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat Oct 26 19:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1394019, encodeId=6ba513940192d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a054e00031c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#电刺激#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70003, encryptionId=a054e00031c, topicName=电刺激)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Wed May 29 04:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026374, encodeId=d61910263e425, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Mon May 27 16:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2019-05-27 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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