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JAMA Netw Open:噪声引起听力损失的早期生物标记调查

2021-10-06 AlexYang MedSci原创

调查了听力损失的严重度在扩展的高频下是否比临床频率下增加得更快,以及在那些强烈噪声暴露但很少或没有听力损失的人中,是否存在细微的听觉处理障碍。

长期和/或强烈的噪声暴露会导致许多健康问题,特别是噪声引起的听力损失(NIHL)会损害耳蜗。噪声引起的损害不仅会导致听力损失,而且会使人理解语言的能力下降。尽管许多国家已经制定了健康和安全法规,但早期发现对预防NIHL非常重要。

近期,来自上海交通大学附属第六人民医院的研究人员在《JAMA Netw Open》杂志上发表文章,他们以船厂工人为研究对象,调查了听力损失的严重度在扩展的高频下是否比临床频率下增加得更快,以及在那些强烈噪声暴露但很少或没有听力损失的人中,是否存在细微的听觉处理障碍

该项横断面研究收集了2015年至2019年,上海某船厂的7890名船厂工人的测听数据(0.25-16kHz)、调查问卷和噪声暴露水平。在有听力损失的群体中评估了听力损失的恶化情况。在610名有噪声暴露和临床听力正常的参与者中评估了语音处理和时间处理,以确定噪声引起的听力损伤的早期生物标志物。数据分析时间为2020年11月至12月。

横断面分析中包括了5539名参与者(中位数[四分位数范围(IQR)]年龄,41.0[34.0-47.0]岁;3861[86.6%]男性),其中4459人(80.5%)患听力损失,1080人(19.5%)听力正常。在较年轻的参与者中(即≤40岁),在12.5kHz频率下,听力损失的最大增长率为0.40(95%CI,0.39-0.42)dB/A加权dB-年(dB/dBA-年),高于4kHz的0.36(95%CI,0。 35-0.36)dB/dBA-年、10kHz的0.32(95% CI,0.31-0.33)dB/dBA-年、6kHz的0.31(95% CI,0.30-0.31)dB/dBA-年、3kHz的0.27(95% CI,0.26-0.27)dB/dBA-年和8kHz的0.27(95% CI,0.27-0.28)dB/dBA-年。在对403名参与者的听力损失进行的4年纵向分析中,结果发现在12.5kHz时,听力的平均(SD)年恶化率为2.70(2.98)dB/年,几乎是较低频率下的2倍(如在3kHz时为1.18 [2.15] dB/年)。临床上听力正常且有噪声暴露史的参与者中,他们的听觉处理分数明显低于对照组参与者

听觉处理测试得分情况

综上所述,船厂工人的听力损失在12.5kHz时,听力恶化的速度比在其他频率下都快。临床上听力正常但累积噪声暴露较高的工人,很可能在语音和时间处理方面存在缺陷

原始出处:

Zhuang Jiang , Jiping Wang , Yanmei Feng et al. Analysis of Early Biomarkers Associated With Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Among Shipyard Workers. JAMA Netw Open. Sep 2021

 

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    2021-10-08 canlab
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    2021-10-08 ysjykql
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    2021-10-08 xinmeili
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    2021-10-08 杭州听力师

    好的选题

    0

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    2022-03-28 feather89

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