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Science：吉林大学研发出强大的人工肌肉，功率与喷气发动机相当

2014-02-21 佚名 EurekAlert!中文版

人工肌肉
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吉林大学麦克德尔米德实验室与美国德州大学达拉斯分校国际团队合作，成功地将普通的渔线和缝纫线制备成强大的人工肌肉。相关研究成果于2月21日在《科学》杂志上发表。 相比于相同长度和质量的自然肌肉，这种新型人工肌肉能举起的重量和产生的机械功率要强100倍！每千克这种人工肌肉可产生7.1马力的功率，这相当于一个喷气发动机的功率! 研究人员解释说，这种强大的新型肌肉是通过

吉林大学麦克德尔米德实验室与美国德州大学达拉斯分校国际团队合作，成功地将普通的渔线和缝纫线制备成强大的人工肌肉。相关研究成果于2月21日在《科学》杂志上发表。【原文下载】



相比于相同长度和质量的自然肌肉，这种新型人工肌肉能举起的重量和产生的机械功率要强100倍！每千克这种人工肌肉可产生7.1马力的功率，这相当于一个喷气发动机的功率!

研究人员解释说，这种强大的新型肌肉是通过将高强度的聚合物渔线和缝纫线卷曲和加捻制得。整个研究是德州大学达拉斯分校麦克德尔米德纳米科技实验室与吉林大学麦克德尔米德实验室及来自澳大利亚、韩国、加拿大和土耳其的科学家们共同完成的。

这种新型肌肉是由温度的变化来驱动的，这可由电产生，可通过光的吸收或通过燃料的化学反应。将聚合物纤维加捻可将其转换为一个旋转的肌肉，其转速达到超过10,000 转/分。之后继续加捻，使其形成卷曲结构的人工肌肉，这种肌肉可显着沿其长度方向在加热时收缩，并可在冷却时可逆地恢复原长。相反地，如果反方向卷取，这种肌肉在加热时反而会伸长。

天然肌肉的收缩率只有20％ ，而这种新型肌肉可以达到50％。令人吃惊的是，这种肌肉收缩性能非常稳定，可逆地收缩伸长2,000,000次之后发现其收缩率无改变。

美国威尔士化学教授、德州大学达拉斯分校麦克德尔米德纳米科技实验室主任、吉林大学唐敖庆客座教授通讯作者瑞·鲍克曼教授说：“这些聚合物肌肉的应用空间是巨大的! 因为目前最先进的人形机器人、义肢及可穿戴的外骨骼一直受限于马达和液压系统的大小、重量、功率及工作容量。 ”

鲍曼说：“肌肉可用于应用中需要超人的力量的地方，如机器人及可穿戴的外骨骼。加捻的聚乙烯渔线，其直径仅为人的头发的10倍，其制成的卷曲结构的肌肉，可举起16磅的重物！类似自然肌肉的结构，把100根这种人工肌肉平行放在一起，可以举起约0.8万吨的重物！

另一个极端，只取一个比人的头发丝还细的聚合物纤维卷曲成的肌肉可以使老年人的人形机器人伴侣的面部表情栩栩如生，也可使微创显微手术机器人更加灵活。此外，他们还可以驱动微型芯片。”

主要研究者卡特·海恩斯博士说：“我们用这种肌肉制成了随温度变化其孔隙可以可逆地打开和关闭的织布。这使未来制备舒适-调节衣服成为了可能。”

该研究小组还展示了用这种肌肉制成的可以根据不同环境温度可以自动打开和关闭大棚或建筑物的窗户，从而省去了电力驱动或嘈杂且昂贵的电机。

原始出处：
Carter S. Haines1, Márcio D. Lima1, Na Li1, Geoffrey M. Spinks2, Javad Foroughi2, John D. W. Madden3, Shi Hyeong Kim4, Shaoli Fang1, Mônica Jung de Andrade1, Fatma Göktepe5, Özer Göktepe5, Seyed M. Mirvakili3, Sina Naficy2, Xavier Lepró1, Jiyoung Oh1, Mikhail E. Kozlov1, Seon Jeong Kim4, Xiuru Xu1,6, Benjamin J. Swedlove1, Gordon G. Wallace2, Ray H. Baughman1,*Artificial Muscles from Fishing Line and Sewing Thread.Science 21 February 2014: Vol. 343 no. 6173 pp. 868-872 DOI: 10.1126/science.1246906【原文下载】

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    2014-03-26 hjwang79

    #人工肌肉#

    0

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    2014-08-17 xlysu

    #发动机#

    0

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    2014-02-23 lqvr

    #研发#

    0

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    2014-02-23 jichang

    #SCIE#

    0

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