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阜外医院手术治疗法乐氏四联症经验:新指标有临床价值

2019-09-16 中国循环杂志 中国循环杂志

阜外医院学者研究提示,应用PICCO 技术床旁量化监测血管外肺水指数(EVWI)和肺血管通透性指数(PVPI),有助于评估法洛四联症根治术(TOF)后肺内渗出,识别粗大体- 肺侧枝,可以帮助临床医生快速做出决策,积极处理有意义的体-肺侧枝。根据研究者的监测结果,结合EVWI 和PVPI 分析对于发现肺内渗出和识别有意义的体-肺侧枝具有重要的意义,EVWI 特异性更强。EVWI <20 ml/

阜外医院学者研究提示,应用PICCO 技术床旁量化监测血管外肺水指数(EVWI)和肺血管通透性指数(PVPI),有助于评估法洛四联症根治术(TOF)后肺内渗出,识别粗大体- 肺侧枝,可以帮助临床医生快速做出决策,积极处理有意义的体-肺侧枝。

根据研究者的监测结果,结合EVWI 和PVPI 分析对于发现肺内渗出和识别有意义的体-肺侧枝具有重要的意义,EVWI 特异性更强。

EVWI <20 ml/kg 且PVPI<5 的患儿,可以尽早撤离呼吸机,实现快速康复。

而EVWI >30 ml/kg且PVPI>5,常常提示存在粗大的体- 肺侧枝,撤机应更加谨慎,应适当延长机械通气时间;如撤机困难,可尽早考虑行动脉造影和体- 肺侧枝封堵。

而EVWI在20~30 ml/kg 之间者,需结合临床其它监测做出临床判断。

本研究中术后12 h 和术后18 h EVWI >30 ml/kg且PVPI>5 的6 例患儿中,有3 例经动脉造影均证实存在大的体- 肺侧枝,并均经侧枝封堵或结扎术后快速实现撤机,也印证了EVWI的临床实用价值。

另外3 例造影显示有数支细小体-肺侧枝但封堵失败,经延长呼吸机支持时间后成功撤机。

研究纳入小儿TOF 根治手术患者43 例,应用脉搏指数连续心排量(PICCO)监测技术,

来源:杨菊先,王旭,李守军, 等. 血管外肺水监测在小儿法乐四联症根治术后快速康复中的临床价值. 中国循环杂志, 2018,33: 270.

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法乐四联症是紫绀型先天性心脏病中最为常见的类型。阜外医院小儿外科中心潘沱、王旭等报告,如果法乐四联症患儿在行外科根治术前存在严重紫绀,其术后早期各类并发症的发生率会明显升高,机械通气时间和到达液体负平衡的时间也会延长,从而导致术后恢复延迟。

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